自考英语一（00012）2014年10月真题试卷及答案

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假设你新近结识了一位英国朋友John，为了增进彼此的了解，请给他写一封电子邮件，介绍一下自己最喜欢的业余爱好。内容包括： 这项爱好是什么； 你喜欢它的原因； 它给你带来的乐趣。 请以Li Ke署名

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Mental Health and AgingMental or psychological(psychology)health problems can increase with age. There are various_____（41）(reason).One is biological change which can interfere with the brain's ability to deal with_____（42）(inform).Another is social change such as_____（43）(retire)which can lead to a_____（44）(feel) of uselessness.Mental health problems can have a serious influence on an older person's ability. They may affect their ability to carry out many basic_____（45）(activity)of daily living, from getting up to_____（46）(manage) financial affairs.But problems often go without being_____（47）(solve).Many older people struggle on without the right help—or any help at all. Understanding how mental_____（48）(ill) tends to affect the elderly is vital in_____（49）(help) them to manage their problems_____（50）(effective)and reduce the risk of serious harm._____.

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_____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

_____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

_____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

_____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

_____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

_____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

_____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

_____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

Winston ChurchillChurchill is considered not only a great British leader, but also a great world leader. Many people believe that Churchill's strength as a leader helped Britain stand the_____（31）German attack. He kept his country strong_____（32）to finally win the war. He made such a wise_____（33）about Britain's military strategy. However, Churchill is most_____（34）for his ability to call on the citizens of Britain to_____（35）for their country. He gave many speeches to_____（36）his people to fight hard and never give up. In one speech, he_____（37）his people that they would fight anywhere. Churchill will always be remembered as a great Prime Minister for his country. He will also be regarded as a_____（38）for other leaders around the world. What he did during the war helped Britain and other_____（39）win victory. In addition, he was a great writer and speaker, for which he was_____（40）the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953._____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

_____.A．toldB．countriesC．modelD．terribleE．decisionF．hardG．famousH．enoughI．membersJ．fightK．encourageL．awarded

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Health Benefits of a God Night's SleepSleep, we all love it, especially when we wake up from a great night's sleep._____（26）But nowadays we are beginning to understand the importance of sleep to overall health.People working the night shift have a higher risk of cancer. Researchers believe this link is caused by differing levels of melatonin（褪黑素）in people who are exposed to light at night._____（27）Melatonin makes us sleepy and is thought to protect against cancer. Be sure that your bedroom is dark to help your body produce the melatonin it needs.When your body is short of sleep, it goes into a state of stress. The body's functions give you an alarm which causes an increase in blood pressure._____（28）Learn to relax to reduce the effects of stress.Researchers have also fund that people who sleep less than seven hours per night are more likely to be fat._____（29）So if you are interested in controlling or losing weight, don't forget to pay attention to getting a good night's sleep.Sleeping during the day will protect your health and make you more productive. A study of Greek adults showed that people who slept during the day several times a week had a lower risk of dying from heart disease._____（30） _____.

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Nowadays women drivers are showing_____.

All drivers are suggested to drive_____.

People's traditional view may influence_____.

Men drivers have poorer records because they drive_____.

There is no evidence that men are born to be_____.

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Paragraph③_____.

Men and Women Drivers①Men take more risks. In studies, men as a whole show less careful behavior than women. They drive at higher speeds and closer to other cars. They don't wear seat belts, and drive while drunk more often. They even make riskier turns and take less time when parking.②But, how someone drives doesn't necessarily equal how well he drives. Men do seem to be more skillful than women at certain driving tasks. However, this slight advantage in ability doesn't turn into better driving records. The kinds of accidents men get into are generally the result of their riskier behavior. According to one study, men are more than three times as likely to be fined for "aggressive driving" than women, and more than 25% as likely to be at fault in an accident.③Despite the research, it's difficult to decide whether men are truly born better drivers than women. It is also not clear if men are simply more confident in their driving because they're thought to be better, and thus show better skills. Similarly, the traditional view that women are weaker drivers may affect their driving performance.④Women are catching up, which isn't necessarily good news. Men may be responsible for more accidents than women, but the gap is getting smaller. Today, more women drive and drive more than ever before. Unfortunately, this leads to an increase in speeding, aggressive driving, and even very serious accidents among women.⑤So, are men better drivers than women? According to the interesting data from researchers, the answer is yes…and no. Therefore, the tips for both men and women drivers are: learn from the strengths of both sexes, drive confidently and carefully, and don't forget to wear the seat belt. Paragraph①_____.

Paragraph②_____.

The rescue work was made painfully slow mainly because_____.

The text is mainly about_____.

On bard the Central America, a ship on her way from Havana to New York, were on fewer than 491 passengers. Most of them were miners（矿工）returning with their gold to their homeland. At the start of the voyage, the sky had been cloudless and the wind fair. Three days later, however, the ship was rolling in a storm.Soon water poured in the engine-room and put out the fires. This left the ship helpless, with her engines stopped. In spite of all efforts, the depth of the water down below slowly increased. It became clear to all that nothing could save the ship, and that she would soon go to the sea bottom.Just at that moment, a strange sight was seen on bard. Some of the miners collected their gold and stored it in their belts. They hoped to take it with them wherever they were going. But others knew that the ship would sink and didn’t want to weigh themselves down with the heavy metal. So they threw it not the floor.Unusual courage was shown by nearly all on bard. The captain moved about the ship encouraging all. He sometimes gave orders in attempts to save his ship, and sometimes kept silent, always determined. But all his efforts failed.Fortunately, when all hope had gone, anther ship, the Marie f Boston, appeared on the scene. The Marie had also suffered heavily in the storm, but her captain immediately arranged to move the people in bats from the Central America to his own ship. The huge waves made the work painfully slow, but there was no disorder: everyone waited patiently. Finally, all passengers were saved.The word “fair” ( Line 3,Para.1) most probably means_____.

When faced with the danger, the captain of the Central America_____.

Some miners threw their gold not the floor because they_____.

One of the keys to getting relaxed is to focus on the present.

Adventures are more important than discoveries for a vacation.

We may find out our hidden interests during vacations.

People on vacation often buy gifts for each other.

On vacation, we don't try new sports.

A vacation may enable us to look at old things in a new way.

Companies do not pay their employees when they are on vacation.

People expect that a vacation ahead will put an end to what is happening now.

We begin to feel the benefits of a vacation after we start to pack our suitcases.

Why We Need VacationsThere's more to a vacation than can be described in travel books. We certainly need breaks from work. But there is even more to be said for a get-away break, leaving all daily work behind and living a different life for a short time.The benefits of taking a vacation start long before the suitcases are packed. A vacation is something to look forward to. It gives us the sense that whatever is happening at the moment will end soon.Companies sometimes use away-breaks to restore（恢复）motivation and team relationships. If you're able to switch off and leave your daily work behind, when you come back, you often view old situations with fresh eyes and see them in a new way.People don't disappear while no vacation. We're still thinking and feeling the whole time we're away. What really makes the difference is not simply getting away from the daily work; it's being able to do something else instead. We might speak to people we wouldn't normally meet, try sports we'd not do otherwise, and discover interests we never knew we had.Vacations also allow us to focus on the present in a way that's hard to do at home. When you're in a new environment for a short time, your attention tends to be on what's happening right now and in the next few days. Being "in the moment" is in itself one of the keys to getting relaxed, and this happens more naturally on vacation.Every vacation is an adventure full of potential discoveries. Perhaps more than anything else, vacations enable us to raise our eyes from familiar paths so that we can look around and see that there's a world out there.People need to explore more about the meaning of a vacation.