2009年1月高等教育自学考试基础英语真题及答案

4.在炼铁时，需用大量的煤作为燃料。(3分)

2.Their export commodities are becoming less competitive in price.(4分)

二、将下列句子译成英文3.人生成功与否主要取决于我们如何与人交往。(4分)

一、将下列句子译成中文1.In some countries, the tax on the richest people goes as high as 90 or 95 percent.(4分)

一、将下列词语译成中文 (5分)1. economic policies2. mass-production methods3.the Bureau of International Commerce4. specialization5.shopping center

二、将下列词语译成英文 (5分)6.所得税7.保险费8.标准化集装箱9.需求曲线10. 购买力

No matter where it is used, “Flextime” system has proved ______.

One of the main advantages of “Flextime” for workers is that they ______.

According to “Flextime” system, workers must ______.

“Key” time is a period when ______.

Passage 2

According to the passage, slowly rising birthrate perhaps is good for ______.

It is no easy job to carry out a general plan for birth control throughout the world because ______.

In a developed country, people will perhaps go out of work if ______.

A large population will provide a chance for developing ______.

Passage 1

The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and justifies the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand.One of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society, the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.

By late middle ages many workers are looking (1 ) to retirement, and millions of those (2) have retired are only too glad to exchange the routines of work ( 3 ) the satisfaction that a more leisured life may (4). Many other workers are reluctant to give up their (5). The desire to continue working often stems from harsh economic reality, for (6 ) usually brings a sharp drop in income.( 7 ) workers fear the loss of social identity that can result from (8) a job. They may be left with “nothing to do”, and may find that they are (9) a life with significant meaning and fulfillment. Those old people who (10) like to continue working are often victims of (11) is perhaps the most striking example of age discrimination (歧视): the practice of mandatory (强制的) retirement, under which people are forced to give up their jobs immediately when they ( 12 )a certain age. Until recently the precise age for mandatory retirement ( 13 ) from job to job. The usual mandatory retirement age in the U.S.A., however, was sixty five. The objection to mandatory retirement is that there is no ( 14 ) to suggest that most people over the age of sixty five or seventy are incapable of working; at the turn of the century, in fact, 70 percent of men over sixty five were still (15) in the labor force.

1.A. forward B. back C. at D. backward

2. A. that B. who C. which D. whom

3. A. in B. for C. to D. with

4. A. take B. gain C. bring D. send

5. A. jobs B. works C. position D. tasks

6. A. unemployment B. retirement C. loneliness D. retreat

7. A. any B. some C. no D. somebody

8. A. not to have B. not have C. having not D. not having

9. A. assured of B. reminded of C. robbed of D. convinced of

10. A. could B. should C. would D. might

11. A. what B. that C. which D. when

12. A. arrive B. get C. reach D. come

13. A. varied B. ranged C. shifted D. turned

14. A. event B. incident C. evidence D. indication

15. A. active B. ignored C. inactive D. useless

Technological progress(A、in one area) of the(B、economy) may(C、lead at) increased investment and expansion throughout the system(D、as a whole) .

(A、wise buying) is a positive way (B、which) you can make (C、your) money go(D、further) .

(A、Specialization) increases output,(B、but) it also makes people (C、dependent)on(D、one the other) .

The(A、first) important metal (B、for) tools and weapons(C、are) bronze, (D、a mixture)of copper and tin.

In the(A、middle) Ages some Western(B、European) cities (C、has given) special (D、privileges)to traders.

The policies(A、ultimately) are aimed at (B、remove) the(C、problem) of energy crisis and(D、improving) people’s lives.

If we (A、don't) use up these(B、chemicals) , or if we produce too(C、much) of them, they may actually (D、harm) us.

Of course, it is the people(A、who) buy these(B、imported) things (C、which) really have to pay the(D、duties)in the form of higher prices.

Today, (A、instead) costing 65 cents, a box of 200(B、facial) tissues (C、cost) around one-third of that price, and these facial tissues (D、are) both softer and stronger.

(A、Economists)try to(B、understood) how all the parts(C、of) the long story are(D、related)

______ nothing more to discuss, the secretary-general got to his feet, said goodbye and left the room.

The company would not consider ______ the pay for its employees.

In business, success not only depends on what one says but also on how ______.

______ fine days we could see from the windows the West Hills in the distance.

They prefer silk products ______ cotton ones.

Bob speaks to me ______ he were my brother.

They can build the road with ______ money and ______ people if they take the engineer’s advice.

Only twenty percent of the work ______ done yesterday.

Something ______ very good.

Not only ______ from the crisis, but it develops to everyone’s satisfaction.

He ______ when the bus came to a sudden stop.

All ______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.

No sooner ______ the machine than it went smoothly.

We desire that the tour leader ______ us immediately of any changes in plans.

John regretted ______ to the meeting last week.

Companies ______ their products to make people buy.

What the manager is saying does not ______ to me.

A steel mill ______ a huge area, and is a frightening place to visit because of its great fires and heat.

Bikes produced in Guangzhou are very ______ in many countries.

By means of taxation, we ______ for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.

You must always be on your ______ against violence.

It is known that everyone ______ from free competition.

High interest rates ______ people from borrowing money.

There are a few questions that ______ have to answer.

Marketing ______ a great many jobs in the United States.

International trade would be a quick and effective way to ______ the wounds of the war.

The boss has always thought very ______ of him.

It’s ______ that almost 3 million tourists will visit Singapore each year in the near future.

The import and export trades are two ______ of the same coin.

Each country has to import the articles and commodities it does not itself ______.