乙类适任证书(轮机英语)模拟试题2

主机以83转/分钟正常航行时，增压器的转速为11700转/分钟，上午10时增压器突然开始产生异常声音，出现振动，主机转速降至60转/分钟, 同时增压器转速降至2400转/分钟。

主机废气涡轮增压器需解体、清洁及检查，喷嘴环、压气机和涡轮机端轴承用船上备件换新，所有其它部件发现不合格也全部换新，装复时记录所有装配间隙。

The exciter must vary with: ① load current② the power factor, ③ speed change of the prime mover.

• A.①
• B.②
• C.①②
• D.①②③

When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable. This sentence means that _____.

• A.with a purely resistance load, the voltage drops too much
• B.there is a considerable voltage drop in the capacitive load combined with resistance load
• C.when the load is the capacitive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drops to zero
• D.when the load is the inductive load combined with resistance load, the voltage drop is fairly large

材料：

The field current supply in older machines comes from a lower voltage direct current generator or exciter on the same shaft as the alternator. Modern machines however are either statically excited or of the high-speed brush-less type. The exciter is required to operate to counter the effects of power factor for a given load. The power factor is a measure of the phase difference between voltage and current and is expressed as the cosine of the phase angle. With a purely resistance load the voltage and the current are in phase, giving a power factor of one. The power consumed is therefore the product of voltage and current. Inductive or capacitive loads, combined with resistance loads, produce lagging or leading power factors which have a value less than one. 

The power consumed is therefore the product of current, voltage and power factor. The alternating current generator supplying a load has a voltage drop resulting from the load. When the load has a lagging power factor this voltage drop is considerable. Therefore the exciter, in maintaining the alternator voltage, must vary with load current and also the power factor. The speed change of the prime mover must also be taken into account. 

问题： The word “machines” in the passage refers to _____.

• A.the direct current generator
• B.the alternating current generator
• C.the exciter
• D.the prime mover

Which of the following statements is true according to the passage ?

• A.With a purely resistance load, the power factor is zero
• B.Inductive loads combined with resistance loads produces leading power factors
• C.Capacitive loads combined with resistance loads produces lagging power factors
• D.With a purely resistance load, the phase angle is zero

PSC inspection is implemented by______ through______.

• A.flag states/PSCOs
• B.flag states/ship owners
• C.port states/PSCOs
• D.port states/ship owners

Before exercising PSC, a port state should______.

• A.become a contracting Party and promulgate regulations for implementing PSC
• B.inform ship owners
• C.establish procedures
• D.inform shipping companies

Who will be responsible for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions?

• A.PSCOs
• B.Ship owners
• C.Flag states
• D.Port states

材料：

Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in national ports for the purpose of verifying that the condition of the ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of international conventions and that the ship is manned and operated in compliance with applicable international laws. The primary responsibility for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions rests with the flag State and if all flag States performed their duties satisfactorily there would be no need for port State control. Unfortunately this is not the case as evidenced by the many marine accidents around the world - hence the need for additional control.

The authority for exercising PSC is the national law based on relevant conventions. It is therefore necessary for a port State to be Party to those conventions and to have promulgated the necessary legislation before exercising PSC.In accordance with the provisions of the applicable conventions, Parties may conduct inspections of foreign ships in their ports through Port State Control Officers (PSCOs). 

问题：The purpose of PSC is ______.

① to check and inspect foreign ships 

② to verify the condition of a ship in compliance with requirements of international conventions; 

③ to make sure that the ship is manned and operated well; 

④to detain ships

• A.①②
• B.②③
• C.①③
• D.①②③④

Each ship shall carry on board a ship security plan approved by_____.

• A.the chief engineer officer
• B.the master of the ship
• C.the manager of the company
• D.the Administration

The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of all international treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships.

• A.pollution
• B.economization
• C.safety
• D.efficiency

Waste oil from the lube oil sumps of machinery may NOT be ______.

• A.drained into the vessel's bilges
• B.reclaimed（回收的） for other uses
• C.held in a slop tank
• D.purified and then reused

The Company should ensure that the master is fully ______with the Company's SMS.

• A.familiar
• B.understand
• C.conversation
• D.confused

The term "moderate speed" was previously interpreted（解释） as meaning a speed which would enable a vessel ______within half the range of visibility.

• A.stopping
• B.being stopped
• C.to stop
• D.to be stopped

The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that all machinery involved with the maneuvering of the ship can immediately be placed in the ______of operation when notified that the ship is in congested（拥挤的） waters.

• A.manual mode
• B.automatic mode
• C.remote mode
• D.follow-up mode

The fire drill must, as far as practicable, be conducted as if ______.

• A.there is a minor emergency
• B.there is an actual emergency
• C.there were a minor emergency
• D.there were an actual emergency

STCW shall apply to seafarers ______on board seagoing ships entitled to fly the flag of a Party.

• A.served
• B.serving
• C.surveyed
• D.surveying

The engineer ______ the watch to the relieving officer if there is reason to believe that the latter is obviously not capable of carrying out the watch-keeping duties effectively.

• A.shall take over
• B.shall not take over
• C.shall hand over
• D.shall not hand over

The International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate required by MARPOL is issued to Chinese flag by the _______.

• A.IMO
• B.CCS
• C.USCG
• D.PICC

Enhanced procedures concerning the exercise of ______have been developed to allow intervention（干涉） in the case of deficiencies deemed to pose a danger to persons, property or the environment.

• A.port state control
• B.flag state control
• C.fire and boat drill
• D.safety inspection

Which of the following is NOT on the list items to be recorded in Oil Record Book Part I (machinery space operation)?

• A.accidental discharge of oil
• B.disposal of oil residues
• C.quantity of water produced by F.W.G
• D.discharge of dirty ballast or cleaning water from fuel oil tanks

The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents that personnel are watching at engine assembly control station and monitoring all machinery and electronic devices.

• A.BRC
• B.MCC
• C.AUT-0
• D.AUT-1

The depth of the ship below the waterline measured vertically to the lowest part of the hull is called_____.

• A.trim
• B.lean
• C.draft
• D.tonnage

The tool used in precision(精确) work to smooth or enlarge a slightly undersized(不够大的) hole, is called a ______.

• A.round out
• B.round file
• C.reamer(铰床)
• D.hole driller

Preventive maintenance______.

• A.should not be carried out during the watches
• B.can only be carried out in port
• C.is a kind of maintenances carried out prior to the occurrence
• D.is a kind of maintenances carried out after the occurrence

The necessity for administering artificial(人工的) respiration may be recognized by the victim's ______.

• A.vomiting(呕吐)
• B.blue color and lack of breathing
• C.irregular breathing
• D.unconscious(无意识的) condition

The flash point of a petroleum product is an indication of its ______.

• A.viscosity
• B.pour point
• C.volatility
• D.lower explosive limit

Before replacing a piston you should check that all rings are ___.

• A.free
• B.fastened
• C.broken
• D.stuck

At the earliest indication of fire aboard your vessel, you must FIRST ______.

• A.locate the fire
• B.determine which type of fire is burning
• C.sound the alarm
• D.fight the fire

CO2 extinguishes a fire by __________.

• A.a blanket of bubbles formed on the surface of the fire
• B.smothering
• C.cooling
• D.isolating the heat from the fuel

Fires resulting from spontaneous(自发的) combustion are usually caused by the improper disposal of______.

• A.cigarette butts(烟头)
• B.oily rags
• C.burner torches
• D.lighted matches

A tank has been sealed and unventilated(不通风的) for a long period of time. Which of the following conditions does this indicate?

• A.The tank is safe to enter
• B.The tank is especially dangerous to enter
• C.Carbon monoxide(一氧化物) is present
• D.Water vapor present when the tank was sealed has oxidized(使氧化)

A fire in a pile of canvas would be classified as a ______.

• A.class A
• B.class B
• C.class C
• D.class D

“Movement of engine no longer required.” means “______”.

• A.Stop Engine
• B.No Engine Revolutions
• C.Stand-by Engine
• D.Finished With Engine

Prior to starting most medium-speed propulsion diesel engines, which of the procedures listed should be observed?

• A.The expansion tank should be topped off
• B.The thermostatic water regulating valves should be manually opened
• C.The fuel filters should be changed
• D.The engine should be turned over slowly with the indicator cocks open

Restrictions occurring in the small orifices(孔) of pneumatic control system components can be caused by ______.

• A.moisture in the compressed air supply
• B.excessive dryness in the compressed air supply
• C.pressure surging in the compressed air receiver
• D.insufficient lubrication of the system components

Before putting on the starting air, the reversing and control gear should be _____.

• A.operated
• B.stopped
• C.checked
• D.removed

With UMS, when the engine room is unwatched, ______will control the main engine.

• A.the bridge officer on watch
• B.the chief engineer
• C.the duty engineer
• D.the duty motorman

The ratio of output response to a specified change in the input is known as ______.

• A.primary feedback
• B.sensitivity
• C.deviation
• D.dead band

Bourdon Tube is probably the most commonly used______ measuring instrument.

• A.the absolute pressure
• B.the gauge pressure
• C.the vacuum pressure
• D.the differential pressure

The part of the shipboard electrical system used to control the distribution of power to the branch circuits, is the ______.

• A.bridge control panel
• B.disconnect links
• C.governor relay box
• D.main switchboard

Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic______.

• A.voltage regulator
• B.reverse power relay
• C.reverse current relay
• D.governor control switch

A generator is prevented from becoming motorized by the use of a/an ______.

• A.over-speed trip
• B.reverse power relay
• C.back pressure trip
• D.governor controls

The field coils ______ and the armature(电枢) ______. This is in fact the arrangement adopted for large, heavy duty alternators.

• A.are stationary(固定的)/rotates
• B.are stationary/is stationary
• C.rotate/ is stationary
• D.rotate/rotate

While paralleling two AC generators using synchronizing lamps only, both lamps will go dark when the generators are______.

• A.running at the same speed
• B.grounded
• C.of the same polarity
• D.in phase

Which of the following problems may be encountered by using an oil having a viscosity higher than that specified for an operating hydraulic system?

• A.External seal leakage
• B.Hunting due to fast response
• C.Hydraulic oil film breakdown
• D.Increased power consumption

The output voltage of a 440 volt, 60 hertz, AC generator is controlled by the ______.

• A.prime mover speed
• B.exciter output voltage
• C.load on the alternator
• D.number of poles

Which of the following can be used in hydraulic transmission system?

• A.Hydraulic oil
• B.Animal oil
• C.Light oil
• D.Fuel oil

Hydraulic machinery failures are commonly caused by contamination of the hydraulic fluid and ______.

• A.fluid friction
• B.fluid turbulence
• C.component misalignment
• D.pressure surges

As the designated rudder angle is being achieved, as a result of the original command input, the steering gear follow-up mechanism is ______.

• A.in motion, providing a null input
• B.not in motion, thus providing a null input
• C.in motion, providing an input to place the main pump on maximum stroke
• D.in motion, providing an input to place the main pump at null stroke

Leakage of hydraulic fluid from around the shaft of a hydraulic motor may be caused by ______.

• A.permanent loss of pump suction
• B.worn shaft seals
• C.high level in the oil sump
• D.low motor RPM

An increase in the heat load to a refrigeration system will cause ______.

• A.the suction pressure to decrease
• B.the suction temperature to increase
• C.increased ice formation on the evaporator coil
• D.excessive short cycling of the compressor

______ play a very important part in hydraulic systems by preventing interaction between different parts of the hydraulic circuit.

• A.Motors
• B.Check valves
• C.Safety valves
• D.Reducing valves

High-speed rotation in a centrifugal purifier can produce a force ______the force of gravity.

• A.many thousand times larger than
• B.the same as
• C.many thousand times smaller than
• D.which has nothing to do with

If the suction pressure for an operating refrigeration compressor is below normal, the cause may be ______.

• A.an excess of liquid refrigerant
• B.the expansion valve overfeeding
• C.a fouled compressor suction strainer
• D.the compressor short cycling

Badly leaking refrigeration compressor discharge valves will cause ______.

• A.overfeeding of the expansion valve
• B.damage to the condenser
• C.constant running of the compressor
• D.flooding of the receiver

Sub-cooling is a method of reducing the temperature of the liquid refrigerant below its ______.

• A.freezing point
• B.floc point(浊点)
• C.condensing temperature
• D.compression temperature

The heat gained per pound of refrigerant in the evaporator is known as the ______.

• A.latent heat of vaporization
• B.sensible heat
• C.refrigerating effect
• D.specific heat of vaporization

The sensing line for the low pressure cutout switch to a refrigeration system is located ______.

• A.in the chill box(冰箱)
• B.before the receiver
• C.on the suction side of the compressor
• D.on the discharge side of the compressor

If liquid refrigerant accidentally comes in contact with the eyes, _____ immediately.

• A.rub the eyes
• B.irritate the eyes
• C.wash the eyes with a heavy boric acid solution
• D.obtain medical help

Propeller pitch speed minus ship speed divided by the propeller pitch speed is termed ______.

• A.apparent slip
• B.true slip
• C.pitch
• D.propulsive efficiency

A magnetic strainer is used in the diesel engine reduction gear oil system to remove small particles of ______.

• A.water
• B.babbitt
• C.acids
• D.iron or steel

Because of the high loads the bearing material is a tin-aluminum(锡-铝) alloy bonded to a steel shell. The crosshead pin is highly polished to a______.

• A.flat surface
• B.mirror finish
• C.sloping(倾斜的) surface
• D.inclined(倾向的) surface

Prolonged operation of a diesel engine with a closed cooling water system, at lower than normal designed operating temperatures can ______.

• A.increase power output
• B.decrease lube oil viscosity
• C.eliminate fuel knock
• D.cause sulfuric acid formation

High diesel engine cooling water temperatures can be caused by ______.

• A.air in the cooling system
• B.an overhauled water pump
• C.correct amount of coolant
• D.no air in the cooling system

Wear occurring at the tips of the reduction gear teeth is usually the result of ______.

• A.surface fatigue
• B.fretting corrosion
• C.heavy overloading
• D.gear misalignment

In the event of the cylinder starting valve leakage ______would pass into the air pipes and ignite the oil deposited.

• A.cooling water
• B.vapor from the boiler
• C.starting air
• D.hot gases

Adjust ______by means of lead wire.

• A.the clearance of the main bearing
• B.the diameter of main bearing
• C.the gap of main bearing
• D.the tolerance of main bearing

One cylinder of a diesel engine is persistently knocking and does not cease(停止) when the fuel supply to that cylinder is secured.Which of the following problems may be the cause?

• A.Low loading of the cylinder
• B.Excessive cooling of that piston
• C.Sluggish ring action on the piston
• D.A mechanical defect in a working part

In a diesel engine, late fuel injection is indicated by black or gray exhaust smoke with ______.

• A.low firing pressure
• B.low exhaust temperature
• C.mechanical knock in each cylinder
• D.fuel knock in each cylinder

Among the rings of a piston the ______one is subjected to the greatest load and temperature.

• A.bottom
• B.middle
• C.top
• D.any position

Maintaining the lowest possible scavenging air temperature at all times is not recommended due to the possibility of the ______.

• A.air charge density becoming too high
• B.piston crown surfaces becoming too cold
• C.formation of excessive quantities of condensate
• D.compression pressure being greatly reduced

Loss of lubricating oil pressure to the main propulsion diesel engine will actuate a/an ______.

• A.over-speed trip
• B.audible/visual alarm
• C.the ships/boats general alarm
• D.reserve oil storage tank

Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number of functions except for ______.

• A.good lubrication
• B.low thermal stress
• C.good mechanical properties
• D.acid corrosion

The cetane number of a diesel fuel oil indicates its ______.

• A.viscosity
• B.acid content
• C.heating value
• D.ignition quality

The diesel engine is similar to the gasoline engine in that______.

• A.both of them are ignited by compressed air
• B.both of them are the forms of external combustion engines
• C.both of them have spark plugs
• D.the power is developed by the piston in the cylinder

Fuel is admitted to a diesel engine cylinder through the ______.

• A.injector nozzles
• B.carburetor
• C.exhaust ports
• D.intake valves