航海英语(甲类船长)航海气象单选题练习1
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You are located within a stationary high pressure area.Your aneroid barometer is falling very slowly.This indicates a(n)______.
- A.Wind shift of 180°
- B.Large increase in wind velocity
- C.Decrease in the intensity of the system
- D.Increase in the intensity of the system
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The wind flow from the horse latitudes to the doldrums is deflected due to ______.
- A.Coriolis force
- B.The mid-latitude,semi-permanent high
- C.Differing atmospheric pressures
- D.The prevailing westerlies
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The velocity of the apparent wind can be more than the true wind,and come from the same direction,if certain conditions are present.One condition is that the ______.
- A.Ship's speed must be less than the true wind velocity
- B.True wind must be from dead astern
- C.True wind velocity must be faster than the ship's speed
- D.True wind must be from dead ahead
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The horse latitudes are characterized by ______.
- A.weak pressure gradients and light,variable winds
- B.the formation of typhoons or hurricanes in certain seasons
- C.steady winds in one direction for six months followed by wind reversal for the next six months
- D.steady winds generally from the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere
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The surface currents of the South Atlantic,South Pacific and South Indian Ocean follow,in general,a regular pattern of ______.
- A.counter-clockwise circulation
- B.clockwise circulation
- C.trend from east to west
- D.trend from north to south
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The general circulation of the surface water in Mediterranean is ______.
- A.counter-clockwise
- B.clockwise
- C.from east to west
- D.from north to south
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The“horse latitudes” regions of ______.
- A.Brisk prevailing winds
- B.Light airs and calms
- C.Abundant blue sea grass vegetation
- D.None of the above
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On the pole side of the trade wind belt,there is an area of high pressure with weak pressure gradients and light,variable winds.This area is called the ______.
- A.Prevailing westerlies
- B.Geostrophic winds
- C.Doldrums
- D.Horse latitudes
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In polar regions you should NOT expect to see ______.
- A.Mirage effects
- B.Sea smoke
- C.Extensive snowfall
- D.False horizons
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Gradient currents caused indirectly ______.
- A.by the wind
- B.by the wind or by density differences in adjacent areas
- C.Coriolis force
- D.by ships sailing in the oceans
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Which type of precipitation is a product of the violent convection found in thunderstorms ________.
- A.Snow
- B.Freezing Rain
- C.Hail
- D.Sleet
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A pattern that at the crest the motion of each particle is forward and at the trough it is backward relative to the wave's motion is ______.
- A.a trochoid
- B.a spheroid
- C.a loxodrome
- D.a carene
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Which of the following is not a wind ________.
- A.Growler
- B.Norther
- C.Levanter
- D.Mistral
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When experiencing heavy winds,you should reef sails to ______.
- A.bring the sails parallel to the wind
- B.reduce sail area exposed to the wind
- C.allow the sails to catch more wind
- D.remove all tension on the main and jib sheets
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What kind of pressure systems travel in easterly waves ________.
- A.High pressure
- B.Low pressure
- C.Subsurface pressure
- D.Terrastatic pressure
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When a hurricane passes over colder water or land and loses its tropical characteristics,the storm becomes a(n)______.
- A.High pressure area
- B.Extratropical low-pressure system
- C.Tropical storm
- D.Easterly wave
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When a hurricane passes into high latitudes over colder water and the source of heat is disrupted,the storm assumes the characteristics of ______.
- A.a high pressure area
- B.an extratropical cyclone
- C.a tropical storm
- D.an easterly wave
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Tropical cyclones are classified by form and intensity.Which system does not have closed isobars ________.
- A.Hurricane
- B.Tropical disturbance
- C.Tropical depression
- D.Cyclone
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What is the first visible indication of the presence of a tropical cyclone or hurricane ________.
- A.Stratocumulus clouds or strange birds
- B.Rain and increasing winds
- C.An exceptionally long swell
- D.Dark clouds and the“bar”of the storm
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The moisture equilibrium chart can be used to determine the ______.
- A.Absolute moisture content of the air surrounding a hygroscopic cargo when moisture equilibrium exists
- B.Dew point temperature that the air surrounding a hygroscopic commodity will have when in moisture equilibrium with that commodity
- C.Enthalpy of the air surrounding a hydroscopic cargo which is in moisture equilibrium with the cargo
- D.Temperature at which moisture equilibrium will occur in a cargo hold containing a hygroscopic cargo
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The direction of prevailing winds in the Northern hemisphere is caused by the ______.
- A.Magnetic field at the North Pole
- B.Gulf Stream
- C.Earth's rotation
- D.Arctic cold fronts
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The force resulting from the earth's rotation that causes winds to deflect to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere is called ______.
- A.Pressure gradient
- B.Coriolis effect
- C.Aurora borealis
- D.Ballistic deflection
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Haze is not caused by ______.
- A.forest fires
- B.smoke from industrial areas
- C.dust or sand storms
- D.water droplets with the relative humidity more than 95%
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Hurricanes may move in any direction.However,it is rare and generally of short duration when a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere moves toward the ______.
- A.West or northwest
- B.Northeast
- C.Southeast
- D.North
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If you observe the point of cloud convergence shifting to the right and the “bar”of the storm appears to move along the horizon ______.
- A.The center of the storm will by-pass you
- B.The storm will strike you on the starboard side
- C.You are in the direct path of the storm and should take immediate steps to batten down loose gear
- D.The storm is starting to break up
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Cumulus clouds that have undergone vertical development and have become cumulonimbus in form,indicate ______.
- A.clearing weather
- B.that a warm front has passed
- C.probable thunderstorm activity
- D.an approaching hurricane or typhoon
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Clouds with the prefix“nimbo”in their name ______.
- A.are sheet or layer clouds
- B.have undergone great vertical development
- C.are middle or high altitude clouds
- D.are rain clouds
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A ______ is created by a pressure gradient or slope in the water level.
- A.gradient current
- B.density current
- C.swift current
- D.torrent current
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______ is a type of fog occurring close to the sea surface when the air is dry and cold-probably at least 9℃ below the sea surface temperature.
- A.MIXING FOG
- B.ADVECTION FOG
- C.RADIATION FOG
- D.ARCTIC SEA SMOKE
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______ are experienced in temperate latitudes during warm summer weather but rarely exceed Force 3 and may extend 10 to 15 miles on either side of the coastline.
- A.Trade Winds
- B.Winds of the temperate zones
- C.Monsoons
- D.Land and Sea Breezes
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______ blow more or less constantly(except when monsoons prevail)throughout all seasons at a mean speed of around 14 knots and are generally strongest in the late winter.
- A.Trade Winds
- B.Winds of the temperate zones
- C.Monsoons
- D.Land and Sea Breezes
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______ forms over land,most frequently during autumn and winter over low-lying land,especially if it is damp and marshy and in valleys on quiet nights with clear skies.
- A.FRONTAL FOG
- B.MIXING FOG
- C.ADVECTION FOG
- D.RADIATION FOG
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Which of the following statements concerning frontal movements is TRUE ________.
- A.The temperature rises after a cold front passes
- B.The barometric pressure rises when a warm front passes
- C.A cold front generally passes faster than a warm front
- D.A warm front usually has more violent weather associated with it than a cold front
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Widely spaced isobars on a weather map indicate ______.
- A.High winds
- B.Gentle breezes
- C.Ice,snow or frozen rain
- D.Probability of tornados
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When steering on autopilot which of the following input conditions may NOT have an effect on the control of the steering gear ________.
- A.Non-follow-up
- B.Rudder adjustment
- C.Weather adjustment
- D.All the above may be activated
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When a high pressure system is centered north of your vessel in the Northern Hemisphere ______.
- A.You should experience hot,moist,clear weather
- B.The wind direction is generally easterly
- C.The winds should be from the southwest at your location
- D.The winds should be brisk
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Which general weather conditions should you expect to find in a low pressure system ________.
- A.Fair weather
- B.Precipitation and cloudiness
- C.Scattered clouds at high elevations
- D.Gradual clearing and cooler temperatures
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West backing south-west gale 8 locally storm 10 ______ then rain or sleet mainly good.
- A.windy showers
- B.showers with winds
- C.wintry showers
- D.showery winds
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What benefit is a weather bulletin to a mariner ________.
- A.It provides a legal reason to cancel a projected voyage
- B.It allows the mariner to make long term weather forecasts
- C.It is of little benefit since the weather changes frequently and rapidly
- D.It gives the mariner time to prepare for weather changes
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Weather observations provided by each weather station include all of the following except ______.
- A.temperature
- B.visibility
- C.predicted weather for the next twelve hours
- D.barometric pressure and change in the last three hours
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Weather information is available from ______.
- A.Commercial radio broadcasts
- B.The Coast Guard on scheduled marine information broadcasts
- C.VHF-FM continuous marine weather broadcasts provided by the National Weather Service
- D.All of the above
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Weather conditions in the middle latitudes generally move ______.
- A.Eastward
- B.Westward
- C.Northward
- D.Southward
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The dense black cumulonimbus clouds surrounding the eye of a hurricane are called ______.
- A.Spiral rainbands
- B.Cloud walls
- C.Funnel clouds
- D.Cyclonic spirals
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The area of strong westerly winds occurring between 40°S and 60°S latitude is called the ______.
- A.polar easterlies
- B.prevailing westerlies
- C.roaring forties
- D.jet streams
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The apparent wind's speed can be zero,but only when two conditions are present.One condition is that the true wind ______.
- A.Must be from dead ahead
- B.Speed must be zero
- C.Must be from dead astern
- D.Must be on the beam
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TAIWAN STRAITS EAST GUANGDONG:CLOUDY TO OVERCAST WITH LOCAL SHOWERS WIND NE 22 TO 33 KTS SEAS ROUGH TO VERY ROUGH VIS 10 TO 20 KMS.The Vis. in this area is ______ nautical miles.
- A.22 TO 33
- B.11 TO 16
- C.5 TO 10
- D.10 TO 20
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HIGH WAVES;DENSE STREAKS OF FOAM ALONG THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND;CRESTS OF WAVES BEGIN TO TOPPLE,TUMBLE AND ROLL OVER;SPRAY MAY AFFECT VISIBILITY.This condition is likely to be termed ______.
- A.Strong breeze
- B.Near gale
- C.Gale
- D.Strong gale
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SCARBOROUGH= W TO SW UP TO 10 IN N.500 M IN HVY SQUALLY SHOWERS AND TS.SEA 7-8 M.SWELL SW 5-6 M.The visibility in this area is ______.
- A.10 NM
- B.500 M
- C.7-8 M
- D.5-6M
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Anticyclones are usually characterized by ______.
- A.dry,fair weather
- B.high winds and cloudiness
- C.gustiness and continuous precipitation
- D.overcast skies
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A type of precipitation that occurs only in thunderstorms with strong convection currents that convey raindrops above and below the freezing level is known as ______.
- A.Sleet
- B.Hail
- C.Freezing rain
- D.Rime
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A tropical storm is building strength some distance from your ship.Waves are coming from the east,with periods increasing from 5 seconds to 15 seconds.The swell is from the east.Where was the storm when these new swells were generated ________.
- A.To the north of you
- B.To the south of you
- C.To the east of you
- D.To the west of you
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A microbarograph is a precision instrument that provides a ______.
- A.charted record of atmospheric temperature over time
- B.charted record of atmospheric pressure over time
- C.graphic record of combustible gases measured in an atmosphere
- D.graphic record of vapor pressure from a flammable/combustible liquid
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______ LOW ELY SLWLY WITH COLD FRONT FM CEN TO 12N 179W AND WARM FROM FM CEN TO 11N 171W.
- A.SHLW
- B.SCTD
- C.OBS
- D.SW