对于一个大型的软件项目,由于项目的复杂性,需要进行一系列的估算处理。主要按(9)和(10)手段进行。估算的方法分为3类:从项目的整体出发,进行(10)的方法称为(11)估算法。把待开发的软件细分,直到每一个子任务都已经明确所需要的开发工作量,然后把它们加起来,得到软件开发总工作量的方法称为(12)估算法。而把待开发的软件项目与过去已完成的软件项目做类比,区分出类似部分和不同部分分别处理的方法称为(13)估算法。
(69)
(68)
(66)
(67)
(64)
(63)
In information theory, "information" is regarded as knowledge which reduces or removes(71) about the occurrence of a specific event from a given set of possible events. The concept "event" is to be understood as used in the theory of probability. For instance, an event may be the occurrence of a(72) character or word in a given message or in a given position of a message.In communication theory, channel is defined as that part of a communication system that connects the message source with the message sink. An encoder may be inserted between the message source and the input to the channel, and a(73) between the output of the channel and the message sink. Generally, these two units are not considered as being parts of the channel. In certain cases, however, they may be considered as pans of the message source and message sink,(74) In information theory(75) to Shannon, the channel can be characterized by the set of conditional probabilities of occurrence of all the messages received at the message sink when a given message emanates from the message source.
(62)
(61)
(58)
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