Passage 6

 Public relations is management function that creates, develops, and carries out policies and programs to influence public opinion or public reaction about an idea, a product, or an organization. The field of public relations has become an important part of the economic, social and political pattern of life in many nations. That field includes advertising, promotional activities, and press contact. Public relations also exists at the same time in business with marketing and merchandising to create the climate in which all selling functions occur.

 Public relations activities in the modern world help institutions to cope successfully with problems, to build prestige for an individual or a group to promote products, and to win elections. The majority of public relations workers are staff employees working within a corporate or institutional framework. Others operate in public relations counseling firms.

 In industry, public relations personnel keeps management informed of changes in the opinions of various publics that is, the groups of people whose support is needed): employees, stockholders, customers, dealers, the community, and the government. These professionals counsel management as to the impact of any action or lack of action on the behavior. of the target audiences. Once an organizational decision has been made, the public relations person has the task of communication nation to the public using methods that promote understanding, and desired behavior. For example, a hospital merger, an industrial plant closing, or the introduction of a new product all require public relations and planning skill.

 Public relations activities are a major part of the political affairs in many nations. Politician seeking office, government agencies seeking acceptance and cooperation, officials seeking support and foreign governments seeking aid and allies abroad all make extensive use of counseling services provided by public relations specialists.

 Public relations also plays an important role in the entertainment industry. The theater, motion, pictures, sports, restaurants, and individuals all use public relations services to increase their business, or add to their image. Other public relations clients are educational, social service and charitable institutions, trade unions, religious groups, and professional societies.

 The successful public relations practitioner is a specialist in communication arts and persuasion. Specialized skills are required to handle public opinion research, media relations, direct mail activities, institutional advertising, publications, film and video production, and special events. Public relations services are so far virtually unused in many developing nations, but they are likely to be a future government concern.

In paragraph one, the author mainly tells us( )

(63)How much easier, how much more satisfying it is for you who can see to grasp quickly the essential qualities of another person by watching the subtleties of expression, the quiver of a muscle, the flutter of a hand.But does it ever occur to you to use your sight to see into the inner nature of a friend or acquaintance? (64)Do not most of you seeing people grasp casually the outward features of a face and let it go at that?(65)For instance, can you describe accurately the faces of five good friends?Some of you can, but many cannot. As an experiment, I have questioned husbands of long standing about the color of their wives' eyes, and often they express embarrassed confusion and admit that they do not know. And, incidentally, it is a chronic complaint of wives that their husbands do not notice new dresses, new hats, and changes in household arrangements.(66)The eyes of seeing persons soon become accustomed to the routine of their surroundings, and they actually see only the startling and spectacular.But even in viewing the most spectacular sights the eyes are lazy. Court records reveal every day how inaccurately "eye witnesses" see. A given event will be "seen" in several different ways by as many witnesses. (67)Some see more than others, but few see everything that is within the range of their vision.

Passage 4

 In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they've become wealthier and more worldly wise. Foreign travel is a national passion: this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald's and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee g and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to "Have a nice day" has caught on all over Israel. "Nobody wakes up in the morning and says, 'Let's be nicer, '"says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm.“Nothing happens without competition.”

 Privatization, or the threat of it, is motivation as well. Monopolies(垄断者) that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor calls the revengeful(报复的) consumer. When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, "People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service. "The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now, appointments are scheduled to the half-hour. The graceless E1A1 Airlines which is already at auction(拍卖), has returned its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, "You can feel the change in the air. "For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.

According to the passage, what about the standards of service in America?

What is the comparison between the past service and the present service of the electric company?

Contain explain   hurl    entertain conceive   northe 

universe imprison result kidnap  mythological  as well as

 Greek mythology is largely (51)( )_stories about gods and goddesses, but it must not be read as a kind of Greek Bible, an account of the Greek religion.

 According to the most modern idea, a real myth has nothing to do with religion. It is an(52)( ) of something in nature; how, for instance, any and everything (53)( ) came into existence: men, animals, this or that tree or flower, the sun, the moon, the stars, storms, eruption, earthquakes, all that is and all that happens. Thunder and lightning are caused when Zeus (54)( )

 his thunderbolt. A volcano erupts because a terrible creature is (55)( ) in the mountain and every now and then struggles to get free. The Dipper, the constellation called also the Great Bear, does not set below the horizon because a goddess once was angry at it and decreed that it should never sink into the seA。 Myths are early science, the (56)( ) of men's first trying to explain what they saw around them.

 But there are many so-called myths which explain nothing at all. These tales are pure (57)( ) _ the sort of thing people would tell each other on a long winter's evening. The story of Pygmalion and Galatea is an example; it has no (58)( ) connection with any event in nature. Neither has the Quest of the Golden Fleece, (59)( ) Orpheus and Eurydice, nor many another. This fact is now generally accepted and we do not have to try to find in every mythological heroine the moon or the dawn and in every hero's life a sun myth. The stories are early literature (60)( ) early science. But religion is there, too. In the background, to be sure, but nevertheless plain to see. From Homer through the tragedians and even later, there is a deepening realization of what human beings need and what they must have in their gods.(From Greek Mythology)

(violence) Ten years later, when she saw her friend again, her heart began to( ) beat

(courage) I want to thank everyone who has( ) and supported me.

(success) He made a great effort, which was only partly( ) to turn the talk on to a more cheerful subject.

( disturb) Were there many political( ) in the country last year?

(bear) I find his rudeness

(practical) Renovating the old building proved( ) because of the great expense.