For a clearer picture of what the student knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use "essay" tests, which require students to write long answers to broad, general questions such as the following: " Mention several ways in which Benjamin Franklin has influenced the thinking of people in his own country and in other parts of the world. " One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more about the student's ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages,too. Some students are able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form. Besides, in an essay test the student's score may depends upon the examiner's feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark. Because of this, the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score. Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student's knowledge can usually be obtained.

34． What may have been discussed in the previous paragraphs?

79． 当那个贼意识到警察认出了他时，便向门口走去。(realize)

80． 没有多少人能比得上像牛顿和爱因斯坦那样的天才。(approach)

76． 每次我去上海，都能看到这个城市的巨大变化。(each time)

78． 客户服务已经是并将继续是一个主要的竞争因素。(competitive factor)

77． 如果遇到生词，最好查字典。(come across)

74． 【T4】

73． 【T3】

75． 【T5】

E-procurement, also known as e-purchasing, is the process of requisitioning direct or indirect materials using the Internet as the primary medium.【T1】With online catalogs and purchasing systems , companies can save time and money at order time as well as when dealing with accounts payable and receivable.By some estimates, an automated order and approval system reduces the cost of purchase orders by as much as $ 75 to $ 150 each. Engaging in e-procurement requires two major steps; First, your company must become an e-business. Once you've embraced the Internet as a way of doing business(or if you already have), you must deploy the actual e-procurement system. 【T2】In white paper entitled"Reap Rewards with an Efficient E-procurement Strategy", you learn about the big picture issues of setting up an e-procurement system as well as specific steps.In tacking the opportunity of engaging in e-business, companies must take several steps; Build the infrastructure. Doing business on the Internet requires servers that can handle enterprise demands, as well as building blocks for securing load balancing of Internet traffic. This infrastructure can be built in house or outsourced. Modify business processes.【T3】This is perhaps the most difficult phase because it requires changing the way you do things in order to streamline processes and implement technology uniformly.Evaluate your customers' perspective. Once you hour have new processes and technologies in place, you must get feedback from your customers to find out how well you're meeting their needs and expectations. As an e-business, you're ready to reap the benefits of an e-procurement system. The steps to deploying such a system fall into four areas; Understand and automate the workflow. You must fully understand requisition, approval and acquisition process as it now.【T4】As you move to automate it, you shouldn't stray too far from the current practice or employees may resist the change.Create an electronic catalog. Pull together electronic catalogs from your suppliers to create a single catalog. Also, determine what electronic payments your suppliers can accept. Design and test the system. Generic company described in the white paper required 20 person weeks, or 800 hours, to set up its system. The paper delves deeper into spew civic steps. Implement the system.【T5】Once the system works, you need to launch it on an enterprise class architecture. The white paper provides details, including configurations and topologies.

71． 【T1】

72． 【T2】