The transplantation of functioning human immune systems into mice was reported by two California research teams in September 1988. The mice should have many important uses in medical science such as enabling researchers to test treatments against a number of diseases and to study the effects of infectious microorganisms—including the AIDS virus—on the human immune system. Both research groups at the Medical Biology Institute in La Jolla and at Standford University— started with a special strain of mice that are without an immune system. The La Jolla scientists injected the mice with human B cells and T cells, white blood cells that are major components of the immune system. The cells reproduced in the mice's bodies and migrated throughout the animals' circulatory systems. The Stanford researchers implanted human fetal liver tissues, thymus gland tissues, and lymph nodes, into the mice. In the mice's bodies, the liver cells produced stem cells, which develop into the various kinds of blood cells. The implanted tissues converted the stem cells into B cells and T cells. The mice with immune system transplants by both research teams were fully protected against infectious disease. Ordinarily, mice of the strain used by the scientists die soon after birth unless they are kept in a sterile(无菌的)environment.

38． The purpose of the researches in those two universities was to______.

79． 当那个贼意识到警察认出了他时，便向门口走去。(realize)

80． 没有多少人能比得上像牛顿和爱因斯坦那样的天才。(approach)

76． 每次我去上海，都能看到这个城市的巨大变化。(each time)

78． 客户服务已经是并将继续是一个主要的竞争因素。(competitive factor)

77． 如果遇到生词，最好查字典。(come across)

74． 【T4】

73． 【T3】

75． 【T5】

E-procurement, also known as e-purchasing, is the process of requisitioning direct or indirect materials using the Internet as the primary medium.【T1】With online catalogs and purchasing systems , companies can save time and money at order time as well as when dealing with accounts payable and receivable.By some estimates, an automated order and approval system reduces the cost of purchase orders by as much as $ 75 to $ 150 each. Engaging in e-procurement requires two major steps; First, your company must become an e-business. Once you've embraced the Internet as a way of doing business(or if you already have), you must deploy the actual e-procurement system. 【T2】In white paper entitled"Reap Rewards with an Efficient E-procurement Strategy", you learn about the big picture issues of setting up an e-procurement system as well as specific steps.In tacking the opportunity of engaging in e-business, companies must take several steps; Build the infrastructure. Doing business on the Internet requires servers that can handle enterprise demands, as well as building blocks for securing load balancing of Internet traffic. This infrastructure can be built in house or outsourced. Modify business processes.【T3】This is perhaps the most difficult phase because it requires changing the way you do things in order to streamline processes and implement technology uniformly.Evaluate your customers' perspective. Once you hour have new processes and technologies in place, you must get feedback from your customers to find out how well you're meeting their needs and expectations. As an e-business, you're ready to reap the benefits of an e-procurement system. The steps to deploying such a system fall into four areas; Understand and automate the workflow. You must fully understand requisition, approval and acquisition process as it now.【T4】As you move to automate it, you shouldn't stray too far from the current practice or employees may resist the change.Create an electronic catalog. Pull together electronic catalogs from your suppliers to create a single catalog. Also, determine what electronic payments your suppliers can accept. Design and test the system. Generic company described in the white paper required 20 person weeks, or 800 hours, to set up its system. The paper delves deeper into spew civic steps. Implement the system.【T5】Once the system works, you need to launch it on an enterprise class architecture. The white paper provides details, including configurations and topologies.

71． 【T1】

72． 【T2】