The status of women in colonial North America has been well studied and described and can be briefly summarized. Throughout the colonial period there was a marked shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas. This favorable ratio enhanced women's status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. The Puritans, the religious sect that dominated the early British colonies in North America, regarded idleness as a sin, and believed that life in an underdeveloped country made it absolutely necessary that each member of the community performed an economic function. Thus work for women, married or single, was not only approved, it was regarded as a civic duty. Puritan town councils expected widows and unattached women to be self-supporting and for a long time provided needy spinsters with parcels of land. There was no social sanction against married women working; on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home. Needy children, girls as well as boys, were indentured or apprenticed and were expected to work for their keep. The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family. The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing was in the hands of women. In addition to these occupations, women were found in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths, gunsmiths, upholsterers. They ran mills, plantations, lanyards, shipyards, and every kind of shop, tavern, and boardinghouse. They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, sextons, journalists, printers, apothecaries, midwives, nurses, and teachers.

31． According to the passage, where in colonial North America were there the fewest women?

80． 那将给你以极大的竞争优势。(advantage)

79． 他因没有汽车而留在家里。(as)

78． 研究表明大量喝酒的人更易得心脏病。(suffer from)

76． 毫无疑问，直到回到家里她才发现把自行车钥匙忘在办公室里了。(no doubt)

77． 事实证明，父母的言行对孩子有很深的影响。(effect)

75． 【T5】

74． 【T4】

73． 【T3】

Communication can be the most critical aspect of whether a change strategy will succeed or fail.【T1】The degree to which information flows down through the organization can influence how well the change vision is understood and embraced.It can impact the values, behaviors and mindset of the workforce. It can either clarify or muddle a company's organizational structure and employee roles and it can enhance or detract from the culture the leadership is trying to maintain.【T2】Executives who have successfully led change efforts advocate in-person discussions and meetings as the most effective communication vehicles.The degree to which information is shared across the organization can impact speed and flexibility tremendously. Lateral communication and cooperation is important to buying an innovative organization as it supports risk-taking and provides tools to take action.【T3】Continuous innovation, a critical element of e-business strategy, is at the mercy of an organization's communication structure.【T4】In today's business environment, the challenge associated with communication is not simple one of volume.Instead, it is the need to reach the target audience(both internal and external)with messages that include strategic, tactical and WIIFM laments. It is the need to prioritize the communications for the target audiences(so that the most important will be absorbed first), as well as the need to strike a balance between too little and too much information.【T5】In the e-business environment, building a relationship with customers is critical, and this cannot be achieved without hearing their suggestions, needs and desires.To be effective for internal audiences, communication must share what is and what is not changing. Communication builds commitment, and is the key to overcoming resistance to the change.

71． 【T1】

72． 【T2】