回答下列各题：

Oceanography has been defined as “Theapplication of all sciences to the study of the sea”．

Beforethe nineteenth century，scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between．Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in hiswritings，but he was reluctant(不愿意)to go to sea to further his work．

For most people the sea was remote，and with the exception ofearly intercontinentaltravellers or others who earned a living from the sea，there was little reason to ask many ques—tions about it．1et alone to ask what lay beneath the surface．The first time that the question What is at the bottom of theoceans? had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the layingof a telegraph cable from Europe to America wag proposed. The engineershad toknow the depth profile(起伏形状)of the route to estimatethe length of cable that hadto be manufactured．

It was to Maury of the U．S．Navythat the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned，in 1853forinfonnation on this matter．In the 1840s，Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyagesduring whichsoundings were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic andPacificoceans．Later．some of hisfindings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Ge—ography ofthe Sea．

The cable was laid.but not until 1866 wasthe connection made permanent and reliable .At tlle eady attempts，the cable failed and whenit was taken out for repaim it was found to be covered in living growths，a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there wasnolife in the deeper parts of the sea．

Within a few years oceanography was under way．In 1872 Thomson led ascientific expedition(考察)，whichlasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea.Theirclassification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to afive’volume report，the last volume being published in1895．

It Was_________that asked Maury for helpin oceanographic studies．

For thispart，you areallowed 20 minutes to write a short composition of about100—120 words on thetitle：My Most Favourite Programme．Base your composition onthe outline given below in Chinese：

1．今天，电视和收音机给我们提供许多值得看的节目。

2．新闻节目告诉我们每天国内外发生的事。

3．作为一个大学生，我……

__________

__________

__________

__________

回答下列各题：

A．I will take it．   

B．How much is it?

C．What can I do for you?

D．Which one do you like?

E．Let me help you．   

F．How many ones do you want?

G．Here you are．   

H：Thank you so much!

(S=Shopkeeper，P=Peter)

S： ___56___

P：I want to buy a notebook．

S：The notebooks are overtllere．___57___

P：The blue onelooks nice． ___58___

S：Two yuan．

P：That’s all right．___59___

S： ___60___

P：Thank you．

__________

The author says that he is a naturalist ratherthan a scientist probably because he thinks he________．

It can he inferred from the passage thatthe author was________．

The first paragraph tells us theauthor________．

回答下列各题：

Looking back on my childhood，I am convinced thatnaturalists are born and not made．Al-though we werebwught up in the same way，my bwthers and sisters soonabandoned theirpressed flowers and insects．Unlike them，I had no ear for music and languages．I wasnot anearly reader and I could not do mental arithmetic．

Before World War I we spent our summerholidays in Hungary．I have only the dim memry 0f tlle house we lived in，of my room and my toys．Nor do I recallclearly the large family ofgrandparents，aunts，uncles and cousins who gathered next door．ButI do have a crystalclearmemory of the dogs，the farmanimals，the local birds，andabove all，the insects．

I am a naturalist，not a scientist．I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasmhad ledme into varied investigations．I love discussing myfavorite topics and enjoy burning themidnight oil while reading about otherpeople’s observations and discoveries．Then somethinghap-pens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind．Suddenly you fancy you flee theanswer to the riddie，because it all seems to fit together．Thishas resulted in my publishing 300 -pets，and books，which some might honour with the title of scientific research．

But curiosity，a keen eye，a goodmemory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world donot make a scientist：one the outstanding and essential qualities required isself-discipline，aquality I lack．A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training，determination anda goal．A scientist，up to a point，can be made．A naturalist is born．If you can combinethetwo，you get the best of both wodds．

The author can’t remember his relativesclearly because_________．