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Healthy habits can help you live longer

Leda Beierle has lived through World War I and II, the Great Depression, Louisvilles 1937 flood and 18 US presidents,

When she was born 100 years ago, the Titanic had yet to sink.

Beierle, who is mentally sharp and lives on her own, suspects that shes still around because of "good living, "which she describes as no smoking or drinking, and good luck.

"I cant complain," she said, shortly after her birthday earlier this month. "I havent had any serious matter with me. "

Some people live long because theyve essentially won the genetic lottery, said Brian Kennedy, an expert on aging who also happens to be Beierles grandson.

"They chose the right parents," said Kennedy, president and chief executive officer of the California-based Buck Institute for Research on Aging.

But for the rest of us, health behaviors do matter, he and others say.

"Its like 30 percent genetics, 70 percent lifestyle," said Dr. Deborah Danner of the Sanders-Brown Center on Aging at the University of Kentucky in Lexington, Ky. " After you turn 80, its more genetics than anything else,because if you make it to 80 and you dont have heart disease, hypertension ( 高血压 )—— all those kind of things—— youre very unlikely to get them. "

Last year, the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a study showing that people who practiced healthy habits lived longer than those who didnt. Those behaviors included eating healthfully, getting regular physical activity, keeping alcohol use moderate, and never smoking.

Dr. Roxanne Sukol, medical director of the Cleveland Clinics Wellness Enterprise, tells people to place an emphasis on being active; making smart dietary choices such as avoiding trans fat; and managing stress.

"I think the most important choices that we make are at the intersection of those three aspects," said Sukol,who suggests shifting your diet away from packaged and processed foods. "Soda, potato chips, even granola bars...I dont eat anything that has 52 ingredients in the ingredient list. "

She also advocates a daily walk or other physical activity, such as yard work.

Kennedy suggests getting good-quality sleep and taking steps to slash excess calories.

Cutting back on red meat also might be helpful. In a study published online this month by the Archives of Internal Medicine, researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health found that regular consumption of red meat,especially processed meat, was associated with an increased risk of mortality.

Eating one serving a day of unprocessed red meat was associated with a 13 percent risk of mortality. Having a serving a day of processed meat, such as one hot dog or two slices of bacon, was associated with a 20 percent increased risk.

In a study published online this month by the Journal of the American Medical Association, people who met a half dozen or more recommended cardiovascular health measures had a lower risk of death than people who met a lot fewer ones. The factors or behaviors included being physically active, eating a healthy diet and not smoking.

Other factors included having normal blood pressure, blood sugar, total cholesterol (胆固醇 ．and weight.

Sukol strongly recommends not smoking.

Cigarette smoking "is associated with a number of serious illnesses, not the least of which is hardening of the arteries, and that affects your heart, your brain, your kidneys, everything," she said.

Positivity also may play a role in living longer.

Danner and colleagues analyzed the autobiographies of about 180 Catholic nuns, scoring them on emotional content. The autobiographies were written when the women were in their late teens and early 20s.

"Some were more positive than others," said Danner, director of education and outreach for the Alzheimers Disease Center at Sanders-Brown. "They would have similar events, but some people would describe them as just matter-of-fact-‘ I was bore-in contrast to ‘I was welcomed into this joyous world. "

The study, which was published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology in May 2001, "found that the sisters who used more positive emotion words in those early writings lived 8 to 10 years longer," Danner said.

"If youre more positive, something bad can happen, but youre quickly able to work through it," she said.

"And as you do that, then it has less stress on your bodys organs. "

Some of Beierles relatives credit her positivity, in addition to good genes, with helping her to live to age 100.

Beierle, a mother of two, also stayed active for most of her life, doing things like swimming and award-winning bowling.

But Kennedy, 45, said many centenarians have not followed the health advice being preached today.

"If you ask centenarians when they were in their 50s what did they do, what you find is that they tended to be a little bit heavier than the average population, they were more likely to smoke, they did drink a little bit less, but thats even a bit surprising because moderate alcohol consumption is associated with longevity," he said.

"They werent vegetarians. They didnt exercise. Nothing we tell people to do. But theyre the exception, not the rule. "

Ultimately, Kennedy said, "You can take charge of your own aging. "

Beierle thinks she lives long because __________.