Text 4

The U.S. government has recently helped people learn more about the dangers of earthquakes by publishing a map. This map shows the chances of an earthquake in each part of the country. The areas of the map where government is spending a great deal of money and is working hard to help discover the answer to these two questions:

1. Can we predict earthquakes?

2. Can we control earthquakes?

To answer the first question, scientists are looking very closely at the most active fault systems in the country, such as the San Andreas fault in California. A fault is a break between two sections of the earth's surface. These breaks between sections are the places where earthquakes occur.

Scientists look at the faults for changes which might show that an earthquake was about to occur. But it will probably be many years before we can predict earthquakes accurately and the control of earthquakes is even farther away.

 Nevertheless, there have been some interesting developments in the field of controlling earthquakes. The most interesting development concerns the Rocky Mountain Arsenal earthquakes. Here water was pat into a layer of rocks 4,000 metres below the surface of the ground. Shortly after this injection of water, there was a small number of earthquakes. Scientists have decided that the water which was injected into the rocks worked like oil on each other. When the water" oiled" the fault, the fault became slippery and the energy of an earthquake was released.

 Scientists are still experimenting at the site of these earthquakes. They have realized that there is a connection between the injection of the water and the earthquake activity. They have suggested that it might be possible to use this knowledge to prevent very big, destructive earthquakes, that is, scientists Could inject some kind of fluid like water into faults and change one big earthquake into a number of small, harmless earthquakes.

36. Earthquake belts are ______.

Part A

51. Directions:

You are a senior of computer science. You'd like to be an intern for an IT company. Write a letter to present your willings including:

1) your education background;

2) your purpose of being an intern.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ. Do not sign your own name at the letter. You do not need to write the address.

Part B

52. Directions:

A) Title: Globle Shortage of Fresh Water

B) Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese below:

1. 人们认为淡水是取这不尽的；

2. 实际上淡水是短缺的；

3. 我们就当怎么办。

You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.

50.________________

49.________________

47.________________

48.________________

44.________________

Part B

Directions: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET Ⅰ.

From the seventeenth century Empire of Sweden, the story of a galleon that sank at the start of her maiden voyage in 1628 must be one of the strangest tales of the sea. For nearly three and a half centuries she lay at the bottom of Stockholm harbor until her discovery in 1956. 41) ________________.

42) ________________.Triple gun decks mounted sixty four bronze cannon. She was intended to play a leading role in the growing might of Swden.

Part C

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.

Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn. 46)One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior. to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them. 47)The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because. the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It dose not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze. 48)The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior. of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied. As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of behavior. may therefore become available. It will not solve our problems, however, until it replaces traditional prescientific views, and these are strongly entrenched. Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty. 49)They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment.

It also raises questions concerning "values". Who will use a technology and to what ends? 50)Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior. will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.

46.________________

39. What can be said about the experiments at Rocky Mountain Arsenal?