Dogs’ Intelligence

①　The dog IQ test results show that even the average dog has the mental abilities of a 2-year-old chid The finding is based on a language development test. It shows that, like a 2-year-old child, average dogs can learn 165 words, including signals and gestures. And dogs in the top 20% in intelligence can learn 250 words.

②　While dogs ranked with the 2-year-olds in language, they would do better than a 3-or 4-year-old in basic arithmetic In terms of social smarts(智慧), dogs may do even better. The social life of dogs is much more complicated, much more like that of human teenagers at that stage. They are interested in who is moving up in the group and who is having a relationship with whom", said Coren, an expert on dogs.

③　To get inside the brain of mans best friend, scientists are modifying tests for dogs that were firstly developed for children. In an arithmetic test, dogs watch as one treat and then another treat are being placed behind a screen. When the screen gets lifted, the dogs will expect to see two treats. But suppose the scientist takes away one of the treats, or adds another, so the end result is one, or three treats. "Now we're giving him the wrong equation(等式) which is one plus one equals one or three", Coren said Sure enough, studies show that the dogs get it."The dog acts surprised and stares at it for a longer period of time, just like a human kid would " ,he said.

④　Like small kids, dogs also show some basic emotions, such as happiness and anger. But more complicated emotions, such as guilt(负罪感), are not something dogs can feel. And what humans once thought was guilt of a dog was found to be fear.

Task 1

Paragraph①:

The Myth about the BrainThe brain is one of the most amazing (amaze) organs in the human body. It controls our 41 (center) nervous system, 42 (keep) us walking, talking, breathing and thinking. It is also the 43 (much) complicated organ. Several 44 (differ) fields of medicine and science are devoted to the study of it. One 45 (deal) with physical disorders of the brain. Another studies human behavior and mental processes.These fields of study have 46 (exist) in some form since ancient times, so you'd think that by now we'd know all about the brain. Nothing could be further from the 47 (true). After thousands of years of 48 (study) it. there are still many 49 (area) about the brain that remain unknown. And because the brain is so complicated, we tend to 50 (simple) information about how it works in order to make it more understandable.

CryingCrying does not seem strange to us. We do it often enough ourselves and 31__ someone else doing it 32____every day. According to one 33___ of more than 300 men and women in the 1980s, women cry five times a month or so and men about 34--__ every four weeks. And the first thing a baby does when it enters the world is to cry 35____to let everyone know it has arrived It is not the crying itself that makes our crying 36_____ ; it is the 37__ that go along with it. Animals may cry too, but none has tears of emotion. The job of their tears is to bathe and 38__ the eyes. But in our case, at some point long ago, our ancestors developed a 39___ connection between the body organ that 40____ tears and the parts of the brain that feel, sense and express deep emotion.

A.unusual

B.loudly

C.produces

D.nearly

E. study

F. close

G. see

H. combines

I. water

J. tears

K. once

L. clean

假设你昨天去参加了植树活动( tree planting),请给你的英国朋友Tom写一封英文电子邮件,与他分享此次活动的情况和你的感受。内容包括：

l 你决定参加这次活动的原因

l 简要描述活动的过程

l 你参加这次活动后的感受

请以Li Ke署名。

______

_____

_____

Water in the WorldWhen people think of important resources, they think of oil, gas and coal. 26___ Many people in water-rich regions think that water can never be used up because the rain keeps falling.There are around 7 billion people on Earth. 27 ____ Less than a century ago, there were just 1 billion humans. There are more of us being born and most of us are living longer. We are using up far more of the world's resources at a faster rate than ever before.Water is the key to all life on Earth. 28__ The UN has stated that each person needs around 135 liters of water a day for a good quality of life. At the moment, the average amount of water we use is far larger in much of the world.If how we use water is not managed well enough, we could face increasing shortages in the future. This will lead to terrible conflict (冲突) over scarce water resources. 29__There needs to be greater cooperation between the water-rich countries and the water-poor countries. 30__ If water is managed as a global resource and a basic human right, not as something for profits, then the supply can be managed well.

A.Without water, none of us would be here.

B.Water-rich regions may supply the extra water to water-poor regions.C.What they don't consider is our most important resource, water.

D.There are two types of water: salt water and fresh water.

E. This number is increasing by tens of millions every year.

F. If we can make better use of water, there should be enough water for everyone.

_____

Dogs are unable to .

When seeing a wrong equation, dogs may .