Passage 1

Most people agree that taxes must be paid. Government couldn’t run without money. But people argue about how taxes should be collected.Now the government works with a “progressive tax”. Not everyone pays the same percentage of his salary in taxes. Poor people are in a low tax bracket. They pay the smallest percentage of income in taxes. Middle-income workers pay a larger percentage than the poor. And the rich fall into the high tax brackets. Few rich people like the progressive tax.The government took a poll. Among other people, the government talked to Ray Mathers and Eve Winick. “Let’s change to a flat rate tax,” Says Ray Mathers. “Everyone should be taxed the same percentage. It’s fair. And it’s easy to figure out.” Mathers is president of Trig Computer Company. He makes over $80,000 a year. “I don’ t want a flat rate income tax,” says Eve Winick. Winick is a grammar school teacher. Her school is in a poor neighborhood. She makes $14,000 a year. “I don’t care if it’s easier to figure out. What I want to know is, would I pay less tax?” Winick worries about her students’ parents. “Some of them can hardly support themselves. Why should they pay heavier taxes? They’re the people who need government services.”Mathers thinks a flat rate would help in the long run. “The country could lower taxes after a while. See, if I paid fewer taxes, I’d save money. I’d put that money into my business and hire more people. Those people could pay taxes. Everybody would be better off.” 

31、Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?

它已成为各种贸易和商务的最强有力的手段。(medium)

评价一个人要充分考虑他的成绩。(take account of)

他的懒惰导致他的失败。(result in)

科学家声称发现了一颗新行星。(claim)

阅读下面的短文，然后把划线的句子翻译成汉语。 

(71) [Even as exchanges emerge to enable rich interaction among companies, businesses are looking to the Internet to enable the adoption of truly dynamic pricing.] One solution is emerging in the form. of bots, software that serves as an agent acting on behalf of a specific user or application. Advancing bot technology enables dynamic, automated, real-time interaction between buyers and sellers, allowing sellers to capture the true value of their goods in the market. (72) [The implications for businesses are vital, since this emerging technology may change how companies sell their goods.] Ramifications companies need to take steps to address include: 

●Disintermediation of individual auction environments through bots that allow buyers to automatically poll multiple auction services and fixed-price channels to garner advantageous terms; 

●(73) [Development of exchanges that aggregate the information harvested by bots in order to reduce transaction costs and eliminate concerns of fraud;] and 

●(74) [The emergence of the bot-aggregator exchange as a primary sales channel, which employs rules to enable transactions.]

●(75) [The bot future is not yet certain. For example, providers must find ways to reduce per-transaction costs before widespread adoption can occur.] But the powerful connectivity of the Internet is rapidly evolving the buyer/seller relationship. With bot technology advancing quickly, companies should prepare for a future priced for demand.

她在法国居住后很快学会了法语。(pick up)

desktop _________

key issues _________

spending analysis _________

particular file format _________