Passage 1

I have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because happen to be a customer. Whenever I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices railway stations, airports and the like, I believe that things are being run only to suit the firm, the system, or the union. There seems to be a harmful new motto for so-called organizations- Staff Before serviceYou may wonder how many times, for example, you have queued for what seems like hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there weren't enough staff on duty to man all the service grilles of checkout counters? Surely in these days of highunemployment it must be possible to recruit cashiers and counter staff. Yet supermarkets hinting darkly at higher prices, claim that covering all their cash registers at any one time would increase overheads. And the Post Office says we cannot expect all their service grilles to be occupied"at times when demand is low“It's the same case with hotels, Because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is decreased. As for us guests, we just have to put up with it. There‘s also the practice of so many so friendly hotel night porter having been dismissed in the interests of “efficiency” and replaced by coin guzzling machines.Not to mention the coldness of the tea-making kit in your room: a kettle with an assortment of teabags, plastic milk cartons and lump sugar. Who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? I don’t, especially when I am paying for “service”

The writer feels that nowadays a customer is___

4.在银行业中,虽然没有具体的商品转手,但大笔款项会从一方转到另一方。(4分)

2.People generally consider economy, dependability and convenience when they are purchasing a product

(二)将下列句子译成英文

3.他在这儿影响了我的学习。(3分)

(一)将下列句子译成中文

1.Business expectations are a crucial factor influencing investment spending. (4 分)

(一)将下列词语译成中文(5分)

1.value-added tax

2.strong competition

3.technology inflow

4.cost effectiveness

5.hypothetical economy

(二)将下列词语译成英文(5分)

6.人际关系

7.交通高峰时间

8.无形因素

9.垃圾邮件

10.短途运输

The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that___

According to the passage, the average I. Q. is___

This passage suggests that an individual’s I.Q___

Passage 2

There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sortof brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual- the sort of environment in which he is brought upThe importance of environment in determining an individual,'s intelligence can bedemonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical. The twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(抚养)homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Marks I. Q. was 125. twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities. the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.

This passage can best be titled___