Multinational Corporations can be classified into four different types according to theOrganization and way of operationThe first type is (1) multi-domestic corporation that is a group of relatively (2)subsidiaries. The parent company delegates sufficient power to each (3 )to manage theproduction and marketing in the host country for the needs of local customers. This is a useful approach (4) there are distinct differences in the specific conditions of host countriesThe second type is the global corporations which (5 )under an opposite principlefrom the first type and views the world market (6) an integrated whole. Power and re-sponsibility are concentrated at the headquarters (7 )manage production and marketing to achieve the economies of scale as (8 )as possible.The third type, the transnational corporation, (9 )to combine the advantages of the(10) two ways of operation so as to achieve both efficiency and flexibility. The activitiesand resources of the transnational corporation are neither highly centralized as the second type (11) decentralized as the first type but are integrated in an interdependent network of affiliatesThe fourth type can be (12) as world companies as their national identities are blurredto a large (13). Very few companies, if (14). have reached this level of internationalization. But they will be great movers of economic globalization. It is interesting to imagine the situation on the globe with the increase and growth of world companies. When such companies become dominating, the possibility of( 15) among sovereign states may be greatly reduced. Possibly they will be instrumental to the realization of complete globalization

1.A.termed B. called C. referred D. described

2.A,independent B,dependent C.needy D.separate

3.A. country B. corporation C. subsidiary D. customer

4.A. whether B.when C.so D.since

5.A.operates B.produces C.sells D.transact

6.A.for B.with C.that D.to

7A. where B. they C, that D.to

8.A. many B. much C. large D.high

9. A. focuses B.relates C, lead D. aims

10.A. below B. before C. and D. not

11.A.nor B.or C.and D.not

12. A. taken in B. made up C. passed on D. referred to

13. A. sense B.extent C. depth D. length

14.A. some B.not C.any D.likely

15. A. conflicts B. quarrels C.battles D. wars

4.正是在美国首先使用的生产方法降低了生产成本。(4分)

(二)将下列句子译成英文

3.除了价格稍高,这款手机以它时尚的设计、良好的工艺( workmanship)对年轻顾客有吸引

2.The computer sends the information instantly back to the terminal at the checkout counter.(3分)

(一)将下列句子译成中文

1.I don't think the government will allow these two companies to merge into one largercorporation for fear of monopoly. (4分)

(二)将下列词语译成英文(5分)

6.国民收入

7.交通阻塞

8.银行业;金融

9.制成品

10.营业时间

(一)将下列词语译成中文(5分)

1.a mechanized production line

2.inventory carry costs

3.put on the market

4..hypothetical economy

5.investment demand

In spite of the fact of the accusation. the government official chose the company____

We can infer from the passage that to win the bid of a project____

The investigation of the kickback affairs shows____

Passage 2

In a major European city the local government wanted to put up a big office building in the city center, and to choose an engineering company to do the work. Several big companies wanted to be bidding (竞标) against each other for the project, because it would bring them a lot of money if they could be awarded the project. but, of course, they could not all have it, so the mayor had to decide which of them should be the lucky one. He, therefore, appointed a government official to ask the companies to apply for the job, decide which was the most suitable, and then advise the city council of which one to chooseAfter some months. the choice was made and work was about to begin when one of the companies failing to be awarded the project complained to the mayor. They said that the official who had been responsible for advising him on the choice of a company to do the work had accepted kick backs(佣金,回扣).The mayor immediately ordered some people to look into the whole matter, and after a month had proof that the official did take kickbacks. He therefore sent for him and asked for an InquiryThe official admitted that the accusation(指控) was true.“But”, he said,“ I did notst take one from the company which I recommended. I took a kick-back from each company that wanted the job.”“Well. then, "said the mayor, "How did you finally make your choice? Did you choose the one that gave you the most kick-backs?Certainly not, sir! "answered the official, deeply hurt by the mayor who should accuse him of such dishonesty. I was very careful to take exactly the same kick-backs from each of the companies.”Then how did you choose? asked the mayor.“As an honest government official, "answered the man,"I chose the company that Ithought would do the work best and most cheaply, of course.

Several big companies wanted to be bidding (竞标) against each other for the projectbecause____