Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their localpark. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UKand more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four yearsold to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 secondsup to an hour. 

Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, itwas announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documentspledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away fromtheir couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has nothappened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run－up to2012－but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at anaccelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport aweek have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospectionscontinue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offersanswers. 

Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody.There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about toptalent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and toproduce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part wasintimidating for newcomers. 

Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such afundamentally "grassroots", concept as community sports associations. If there is a role forgovernment, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods－making sure there isspace for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over sellinggreen spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education.Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditionsfor sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse. 

21.According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.

Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)You should

1) interpret the chart, and

2) give your comments.

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. 

Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to agroup of international students. Write a reply to

1）Accept the invitation, and

2）Introduce the key points of your presentation.

You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.

Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use“Li Ming” instead.

Do not write the address .

45

My Dream

My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years beforegraduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashiondesign course. However, during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with16

other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying foruniversity I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favouriteactivities. But, to be absolutely honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream -I knew that no one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!

44

43

Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should _____.

The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. "Wedon't make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexicoclothing line. 

Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further tradedeals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing. 

But there is also a different way to look at the data. 

Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having toomany workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, Americanmanufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennialsmay not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar orbetter pay. 

For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers－and upward pressure on wages."They're harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine CoilSpring, a family-owned firm, "They may be coming [into the workforce], but they've been pluckedby other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringinghigh school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture. 

At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his fathercofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five areretiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placementprogram, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years. 

At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the coppercoils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first week on the job. Askedabout his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching toelectrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says. 

But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents,who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them toavoid the factory. Millennials "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame iton the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a businessdevelopment agency for western Michigan.

These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilledtrades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels."

The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr,a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobs atMcDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill. It's that gap in between, andthat's where the problem is." 

Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials intomanufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, youngpeople value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live theirlives," she says. 

A、says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working withtools。 

B、 points out that there are enough people to fill thejobs that don ’t need much skill 。 

C、points out that the US doesn’t manu facture anything anymore。 

D、believes that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers。 

[E] says that for factory owners，workers are harder to find because of stiff competition。 

[F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing。 

[G] says that the manufacturing recession is to15blame for the lay-off the young people’s parents 。 

41.Jay Deuwell______________ 

42.Jason Stenquist______________ 

43.Birgit Klohs______________ 

44.Rob Spohr______________ 

45.Julie Parks______________

41__________

42

The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to _____.