2016年教师资格证《英语学科知识与教学能力》（初级中学）最后冲刺卷（1）
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根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。
设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一节英语语法课的教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：
teaching objectives
teaching contents
key and difficult points
major steps and time allocation
activities and justifications
教学时间：45分钟
学生概况：某城镇普通中学八年级（初中二年级）学生，班级人数40人，多数已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准（2011版）》三级水平，学生课堂参与积极性一般。
语言素材：
Grammar:
A. It is + adj. + that ...
B. It is + adj. + to-infinitive
C. It is + adj. + for ... + to-infinitive
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根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。
以下是某初中教师在教授科普文章“I‘le Wright Brothers”时给出的一堂语法课的板书设计。
（1）请评价该板书设计的优点。（10分）
（2）请指出该板书设计的不足。（10分）
（3）针对存在的问题提出相应的改进建议。（10分）
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根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。
请说明词汇教学的内容包括哪几项（8分），并列举与阐述两种教师在词汇课上常用的词汇教学模式（12分）。
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According to Britain linguist F. Palmer， there are no real synonyms. Though“cast” and“throw” are considered synonyms， they are different in__________.
- A.style
- B.collocation
- C.emotive meaning
- D.regions where they are used
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When the British singer got a bleeding throat， the rumor _________she would never sing again soon spread.
- A.what
- B.which
- C.that
- D.as
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_________assessment is designed to provide a measure of performance that is in interpretable in terms of an individual‘s relative standing in some known group.
- A.Criterion-referenced
- B.Norm-referenced
- C.Formative
- D.Summative
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Can you imagine the difficulty I hadlanguage obstacles I fit studied abroad?
- A.to overcome
- B.overcoming
- C.overcome
- D.overcame
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What is the main idea of this passage? 查看材料
- A.People should keep exercising.
- B.Exercising may not reduce the harm of sitting.
- C.Sitting for long time is deadly.
- D.How to eliminate the harm of sitting.
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What does the author mean by saying "Even for people who exercise， spending long stretches of time sitting at a desk is still harmful?" （Para.6）? 查看材料
- A.Exercising can"t help reduce the harm caused by sitting.
- B.The harm depends on the prolonged time sitting at a desk.
- C.Exercising is not necessary for people.
- D.Exercising has no advantages for people who often sit.
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What does the last paragraph show? 查看材料
- A.To interrupt sitting as often as possible is good for people"s health.
- B.Sitting for long time can hardly be avoided.
- C.Keep exercising can eliminate the harm of sitting.
- D.Office workers don"t like to exercise.
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If someone spends most of his days sitting， the following will be likely to be caused except 查看材料
- A.he will be likely to be fat
- B.he may have a heart attack
- C.he may have a stomachache
- D.he may even die if sitting too long
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请阅读短文，完成第题。
Here"s a warning from health experts: Sitting is deadly. Scientists are increasingly warningthat sitting for prolonged periods——even if you also exercise regularly——could be bad for yourhealth. And it doesn"t matter where the sitting takes place at the office， at school， in the car orbefore a computer or TV——just the overall number of hours it occurs.
Research is preliminary， but several studies suggest people who spend most of their dayssitting are more likely to be fat， have a heart attack or even die.
In an editorial published this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine， Elin Ekblom-Bakof the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how theydefine physical activity to highlight the dangers of sitting.
While health officials have issued guidelines recommending ~nini~num amounts of physicalactivity， they haven"t suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated position.
"After four hours of sitting， the body starts to send harmful signals，" Ekblom-Bak said. Sheexplained that genes regulating the amount of glucose and fat in the body start to shut down.
Even for people who exercise， spending long stretches of time sitting at a desk is still harmful.Tim Armstrong， a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization， said people whoexercise every day——but still spend a lot of time sitting——might get more benefit if that exercisewere spread across the day， rather than in a single bout.
That wasn"t welcome news for Aytekin Can，31， who works at a London financial company，and spends most of his days sitting in front of a computer. Several evenings a week， Can alsoteaches jiujitsu， a Japanese martial art involving wrestling， and also does Thai boxing.
"I"m sure there are some detrimental effects of staying still for too long， but I hope that beingactive when I can helps，" he said. "I wouldn"t want to think the sitting could be that dangerous."
Still， in a study published last year that tracked more than 17，000 Canadians for about adozen years， researchers found people who sat more had a higher death risk， independently ofwhether or not they exercised.
Figures from a US survey in 2003-2004 found Americans spend more than half their timesitting， from working at their desks to sitting in cars.
Experts said more research is needed to figure out just how much sitting is dangerous， andwhat might be possible to offset those effects.
"People should keep exercising because that has a lot of benefits，" Ekblom-Bak said. "Butwhen they"re in the office， they should try to interrupt sitting as often as possible，" she said."Don"t just send your colleague an e-mail. Walk over and talk to him. Stand up."
What can we learn from the first paragraph? 查看材料
- A.Exercising more can reduce the harm brought by sitting.
- B.Sitting for a long time is harmful for people"s health.
- C.Exercising regularly is also bad for people"s health.
- D.Where you sit will not affect your health.
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What is the teacher doing by saying this in terms of instruction?
"Now， did the questions help you underst and the text better?"
- A.Observing the activity.
- B.Evaluating the activity.
- C.Monitoring the activity.
- D.Controlling the activity.
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Which of the following has not the proper word stress?
- A.de"fend
- B.a"bove
- C."window
- D."excuse
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Which of the following activities is the most suitable for group work?
- A.Guessing game.
- B.Story. telling.
- C.Information gap.
- D.Drama performance.
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__________ may be defined as any kind of engaging with the language on the part of the learners， usually under the teacher‘s supervision， whose primary objective is to consolidate learning.
- A.Presentation
- B.Practice
- C.Production
- D.Preparation
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The pronunciation of the English contraction "don‘t" is________
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When a teacher makes a lesson plan， he should do all of the following EXCEPT_____________
- A.design techniques that have easy and difficult aspects of items
- B.try to design techniques that involve all students
- C.take into consideration the different demands and needs of all students
- D.cater only to the top range students to make sure the progress of teaching
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What is the reason why some writers work closely with film and TV producers? 查看材料
- A.To provide unique understanding about the original works.
- B.To supervise the work done by film and TV producers.
- C.The writers want to relax for a moment.
- D.The film and TV producers may not understand their work.
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Which of the following is not the element that leads to Bao‘s success? 查看材料
- A.Bao graduated from Beijing Film Academy with a degree in literature.
- B.The movie Love Is Not Blind brings her much fame and popularity.
- C.The movie Love Is Not Blind is adapted by her own experience.
- D.She really enjoys adapting writings into a film and a TV series.
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Why does Liu Chenfeng entrust the literature website to deal with her copyright? 查看材料
- A.Because the literature websites are rather professional and specialized.
- B.Because it can ease the writers" burden and focus more on their work.
- C.Because she is not interested in negotiating with TV producers.
- D.Because TV producers speak highly of the literature websites.
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请阅读短文，完成第题。
In recent years， publishers， directors and TV producers have taken a keen interest in popularonline novels， thanks to their originality and solid fan base.
Genre is an important factor. According to a survey by Chinese online literature platformCloudary， of t00 online novels whose copyrights were sold by Cloudary for adaption in 2012，modern city novels， historical romances and war stories were the most popular.
Online author Liu Chenfeng"s best-known novel A Clear Midsummer Night is a love story. Itattracted more than 30 million Web hits and won the top prize in the annual competition forChinese romance novels in 2012. A TV adaption of the book， starred by Yang Mi and Liu Kaiwei，was a huge hit when broadcast in 2013. The success of the TV adaption has brought Liu greaterpopularity and more confidence in her writing. "It"s as if a feast prepared by me has beenappreciated by numerous diners， which is a great encouragement." Liu says.
Literature websites， which are supreme headquarters collecting some outstanding works， haveplayed an important role in this trend. Major websites， such as Qidian.com and Hongxiu.com， whichare owned by Cloudary， have established special branches to help film and TV producers who arelooking for good stories and to deal with copyright licensing. Liu， who has entrusted the literaturewebsite Hongxiu.com to deal with her copyright licensing to TV producers， thinks it makes thingseasier for writers and allows them to focus more on their work.
However， many other writers have sought to work closely with film and TV producers and playan active role in the adaption process of their own works. The authors really know the essence oftheir works. To some extent， their working together may produce better films or TV series. Theauthors" unique understanding about the original works is valued by producers and directors.
Popular online writer Bao Jingjing worked with director Teng Huatao as the screenwriter forone of her online novels. The movie Love Is Not Blind， adapted from her story， became an instanthit in 2012.
Bao graduated from Beijing Film Acadetny with a degree in literature. Her background gaveher extra weight in winning the director"s trust. The experience has led Bao on a new career path.She won the award for best adapted screenplay at the d9th Golden Horse Awards in Taiwan in 2012.
Since then， Bao has adapted another of her writings into a film and a TV series， both directedby Teng. "I am lucky. Now I have a job that I really enjoy，" Bao says. While writing novels online，Bao adds that she will consider the possibility of her works being adapted into films or TV， and avoids sentences that might be difficult for actors.
Online novels have the following features except_________ 查看材料
- A.the online novels are original works
- B.publishers， directors and TV producers are interested in them
- C.the readers of online novels always focus on them
- D.the genres of online novels are abundant
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Which of the following is not the most popular genre of online novels? 查看材料
- A.Modern city novels.
- B.Historical romances.
- C.Science fiction.
- D.War stories.
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In Canada， citizens，_________their backgrounds， are free to keep and promote their cultural heritages.
- A.regardless of
- B.instead of
- C.owing to
- D.according to
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What is the author‘s attitude towards design courses? 查看材料
- A.Indifferent.
- B.Disapproving.
- C.Suspicious.
- D.Supporting.
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What can we conclude from the last paragraph? 查看材料
- A.Design course can help solve practical problems.
- B.Design courses are necessary to open.
- C.Design is strongly analytical.
- D.People don"t pay attention to design courses.
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Which is not the reason that design courses should be an essential element in engineering curriculum? 查看材料
- A.Nonverbal thinking is a central mechanism in engineering design.
- B.Design courses can provide solutions to solve practical problems.
- C.Science course is not important and should be replaced by design courses.
- D.Ignorant of design courses may encounter silly but costly errors.
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请阅读短文，完成第题。
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science， but their form. and function， their dimensions and appearance， were determined by technologists， artisans， designers， inventors， and engineers-use nonscientific modes of thought. This kind of thinking way is different
from science. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with the mind by a visual， nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology， it has been non-verbal thinking， by and large， that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details of our material surroundings. Pyramids， cathedrals， and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics， but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them.
The creative shaping process of a technologist"s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example， in designing a diesel engine， a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness.
What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should valves be placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience， by physical requirements， by limitations of available space， and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions such as wall thickness and pin diameter， may depend on scientific calculations， but the nonscientific component of design remains primary.
Design courses， then， should be an essential element in engineering curriculum. Nonverbal thinking of a central mechanism in engineering design， involves perceptions， the stock-in-trade of the artist， not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard thinking"， nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive process and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff began the Historic American. Engineering Record wished to have drawing made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of America engineering， the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students， but rather students attending architectural schools.
If courses in design， which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving， are not provided， we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example， early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations: they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.
What is the main idea of the first paragraph? 查看材料
- A.Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science.
- B.Nonscientific modes of thought are very important for material surroundings.
- C.Science is not significant for our daily supplies.
- D.Build a picture in your mind， then design.
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What is the relationship between Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2? 查看材料
- A.Comparison and contrast.
- B.Cause and effect.
- C.The two paragraphs are paralleling.
- D.Paragraph 2 provides illustration for Paragraph 1.
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Children may get into some bad habits__________they lack sell-discipline.
- A.when
- B.unless
- C.though
- D.until
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According to the componential analysis， the words "girl" and "woman" differ in the feature of_________
- A.HUMAN
- B.ANMATE
- C.MALE
- D.ADULT
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Which of the following is NOT a suitable pre-reading activity?
- A.Demonstrating skimming and scanning techniques.
- B.Writing a similar text.
- C.Introducing the elements of the reading text.
- D.Writing questions about the topic.
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Which of the following phonetic symbol is not right?
