All sentences in all languages can be represented by constituent structure trees, and all have syntactic rules that determine the linear order of words and their ________ structure.

Explain sociological triggers for language change by giving a typical example in the history of English.

Explain syntactic movement, NP-movement and WH-movement with examples.

slang

instrumental motivation

case condition

fricative

intrapersonal communication

clipping

formal instruction

linguistic relativism