根据下列材料，请回答下列各题

The relentless march of technology into everyday life has always given rise to debate about whether it is a good or a bad thing．Some believe that the Internet and computer software are making humans more stupid or shallow．But others argue that computer programs in the form. of video games can make people smarter or improve specific skills，suchas spatial awareness．

Shawn Green and Alexandre Pouget，from the University of Rochester，in New York state，set out to find an answer．Their study，reported in Current Biology，involved a number of experiments．In one，the participants had to watch 12 dots moving randomly on a screen and quickly assess their aggregate direction of movement．Another test asked participants to work out the direction of specific sounds embedded within stereo white noise．In both tests the video．gamers did better．However，the scientists were aware that gamers could have been born with improved abilities to perform. such tasks，which were possibly what attracted them to gaming in the first place．Consequently，a third test was necessary to see if these abilities could have been learnt．

The non．gaming volunteers were put through 50 hours of video—game training．For some this involved playing fast-action shoot-'em-up games such as“Call of Duty 2”and“Unreal Tournament”．but others were given a slow-moving life—strategy game，“The Sims 2”．The researchers found that those trained with action games raised their performance to the level of the experienced garners．Moreover，they were more efficient in their use of visual or auditory evidence than those playing with the Sims．

The researchers conclude that fast action video-games players develop an enhanced sensitivity to what is going on around them and that this may help with activities such as multitasking，driving，reading small print，navigation and keeping track of friends or children in a crowd．The precise neural mechanism for this effect，however，is still unknown．

What is known is that people make decisions based on probabilities that are constantly being calculated and refined in their heads--something called“probabilistic inference”．The brain collects small pieces of information，eventually gathering enough to make an accurate decision．When driving a car，for example，many probabilities will be collated to make decisions such as whether or not to brake．The more efficient someone is at coUecting visual and auditory information，the faster he can reach the threshold needed to make a decision．

Shawn Green，Alexandre Pouget suggest that reaction times in the population will probably improve with the rise of fast—action videO—games．There are a lot of players：last year a report estimated that 67％of American households contained at least one video-gamer．And if video—gamers are really better equipped to make quick decisions．they might also turn out to be better drivers and end up in fewer accidents．However，the notion that gamers acquire some minor physical skills may not pacify concerned parents．What，after all，of the skills they are not acquiring when shooting virtual cops instead of reading or talking?

The problem of first two experiments lies in that______．

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Write an essay of 160．200 words based on the following drawing．In your essay， you should

1)describe the drawing briefly，

2)interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them，and then

3)give your points of view．

You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET．(20 points)

根据下列材料，请回答下列各题

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET．(10 points)

Long before the new economy made catchwords of speed，customization，supply chain management．and information sharing，Spanish clothing retailer Zara was carrying out a revolutinn of its own．(46)By translating the latest trends into designs that are manufactured in less than 15 days—and delivering them to its stores twice a week-Zara pioneered a new kind of quick， custom．made retailing that has transformed the relatively low profile retailer into a global powerhouse． Nobody else can get new designs to stores as quickly，says Keith Wills．European retail analyst at Goldman Sachs．“Unless you can do that，you won’t be in business in ten years．”

(47)Not only has Zara—the flagship store of private textile company Inditex-distinguished itself by tightly integrating its design and manufacturing systems，but its clothing has filled an untapped niche．“Armani at m oderate prices．”says one Goldman Sachs analyst． The forlnula seems to be paying off：Zara，which is responsible for nearly 80％of Inditex’S revenues，opened its first store in 1975 and has since expanded to more than 400 stores in 25 countries．Though it doesn’t generate as much in revenues as the Gap($11．6 billion)or Swedish clothier H&M(about$3．6 billion)．Zara’s parent had sales of about$2 billion last year．which represented a 26％increase from 1998．The company’s profits were up 34％，to around$186 million．Last year．

Zara derives its competitive advantage from an astute use of information and technology． All of its stores are electronically linked to the company’s headquarters near La Coruna，a midsized city on the northwest coast of Spain．Store managers monitor how merchandise is selling and transmit this information，as well as customer requests，to headquarters．“The role of the store manager goes way beyond that of Gap and H&M，”says Wills of Goldman Sachs．

(48)ToGether with trend snotters who travel the globe in search of new fashion，store m anagers make sure their designers have access to real time information when deciding with the commercial team on the fabric,cut,and price points of a new garment．

In addition．Inditex’s production system truly differentiates Zara from its competition． While the Gap and H＆M outsource most of their manufacturing，Zara produces 60％of its merchandise in house．Fabric--which comes from places like Spain，the Far East，India，and Morocco-is cut and colored at the company’s state of the art factory．Then，using information gathered from stores，production managers decide how many garments to make and which stores will get them．Finally the fabric is sent to local shops to be assembled before being shipped around the world．(49)This combination of real time information sharing and internalized production means that Zara can work with almost no stock and still have new designs in the store twice a week．as opposed to the six weeks that it traditionally takes most competitors．

(50)The question now is how far Zara，which runs almost no adVertising outside of its biannual storewide sales，can go with the concept of design on demand retailing．The chain is well known in South America and Europe，where it is currently expanding in Germany． f International sales accounted for almost 50％of its total)It’s less well known in the U．S．；it has just six stores in the New York City area．But don’t underestimate this Spanish giant． Inditex recently announced it was exploring a public offerinG，and it’s probably just a matter a time before it dispatches Zara to conquer the New World．

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Write a notice for the Office of Peking University to inform. the teachers，workers and some students of a meeting to commend the advanced teachers and workers．Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice．

Use“the office of Peking university”instead．

you should write a，bout 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET

根据下列材料，请回答下列各题

You are going to read a list of headings and a text about how to select a fund．Choose the most suitable heading from the list A—G for each numbered paragraph(41-45)．The first paragraph of the text is not numbered．There is one extra heading which you do not need to use．Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET．(10 points)

According to the author，what should the government do about genetic test?