（ ）was frozen in December 2008 and this has been the basis for the first wave ofLTE equipment.LTE specifications are very stable，with and added benefit of enhancements having been introduced in all subsequent 3GPP Releases.

SMS was originally designed as part of (  )，but is now available on a wide range of networks ，including 3G and 4G networks.

（ ）was frozen in December 2008 and this has been the basis for the first wave ofLTE equipment.LTE specifications are very stable，with and added benefit of enhancements having been introduced in all subsequent 3GPP Releases.

【 The Internet ofthings (IoT) is the inter-networking ofphysical devices，vehicles ，buildings ，and other items embedded with electronics ，software，sensors，actuators，and network connectivity which enable these objects to collect and exchange data.

In 2013 the Global Standards Initiative on Internet ofThings (IoT-GSI) defined the 10T as " a global infrastructure for the information society， enabling advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperable information and communication technologies" and for these purposes a "thing" is "an object ofthe physical world (physical things) or the information world (virtual things). which is capable ofbeing identified and integrated into communication networks". The 10T allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure ，creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer - based systems，and resulting in improved efficiency. Accuracy and economic benefit in addition to reduced human intervention.

 When IoT is augmented with sensors and actuators，the technology becomes an instance of the more general class of cyber­ physical systems，which also encompasses technologies such as smart grids，virtual power plants ，smart homes ，intelligent transportation and smart cities. Each thing is uniquely identifiable through its embedded computing system but is able to interoperate within the existing Intemet infrastructure. Experts estimate that the 10T wi l1 consist of about 30 bi l1ion objects by 2020. 】

When we use VolP service，the voice packets over the Internet arrive at their destination in a（ ） stream.

4G is the fourth generation wireless technology adopted by the ( ) and carriers around the world.

在通信系统中，SDN 是网络虚拟化的一种实现方式，其英文全称是 ( )。当前接入互联网的重要手段之 WiFi 的英文全称是 ( ) 。

数据库系统中， DBA 使用的数据视力用（ ）描述。

Recently,telecommunication carriers has been building ( ) core networks in order to effectively support various kinds of fixed and mobile broadband services.

下列选项中， （ ）操作可能会感染病毒。

下列选项中，关于程序设计语言描述错误的是:（ ）。