There are two ways now available to transcribe speech sounds: broad transcription and narrow transcription, of which the really required and used by popular textbook and dictionary writers is the latter.

One specific aspect of situational use of language is that of address term usage. Please explain what an address term refers to, what social factors addressers have to consider in choosing a suitable address term, and use examples to illustrate the frequently used address terms in English language.

Broca’s area

Draw a tree diagram of constituent structure for each of the following two sentences.

(1) A boy found the book.

(2) The guide suggested the tourists take a rest.

Acculturation

speech community

back-formation

argument

representatives

syntax

vowels