Back formation refers to a process by which new words are coined from already existing words by taking away an a_______ thought to be part of the old word，for example，edit derived from editor on the mistaken assumption that “-or” was the agentive suffix.

Distinguish sentence meaning and utterance meaning by using examples.

Use appropriate phrase structure rules to draw a labeled constituent structure tree diagram for each of the following sentences.

1) The naughty boy cheated his teacher.

2) The old man put the book on the table.

3) I think that you are from the South.

1inguistic determinism and relativism

1anguage acquisition

comparative reconstruction

speech community

interpersonal communication

contextualism

Move

arbitrariness