competitive devaluation

信用证的付款方式对买卖双方都提供了保障。

世界上任何一个地方任何一种社会的经济增长都与利用运输有直接的关系。

世界各国被世界银行分为三大领域：高收入国家，中等收入国家和低收入国家。

企业投保的主要刺激是他们可以腾出资金，进行其他项目的投资。

跨国公司是在一个以上国家拥有、控制和经营资产的商业组织。

What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries?

The Bank for International Settlement (BIS) is a unique institution. Many of its operations are of types normally performed by a commercial bank, but it is owned principally by central banks, and managed by central banks and its principal customers are central banks. The objects of BIS are to promote the cooperation among central banks and to provide additional facilities for international operations.

In the 1970s and 1980s counter trade was different from the old practice although some similarities remained. Current counter trade partners are not necessarily familiar partners and goods exchanged are sometimes vertically related. Current counter trade can be categorized as follows.

What is the purpose to establish GSP(the Generalized System of Preference)?

What do “valued” policies mean?