语言与文化自考2018年04月真题及答案解析

How to define“common core”in English?

Define a proverb and illustrate how proverbs are related to culture, by referring to the following sentences.

(1) Man propose, God disposes. 谋事在人，成事在天。

(2) 平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚。

your age (translate it into Chinese honourifics)

to miss the boat

Carry coals to Newcastle.

black tea

请别挂，我看看他在不在。(电话用语)

What functions do nonverbal messages have in human communication?

他浑身哆嗦，脸色苍白，步履缓慢，好像一动就疼痛。

What does culture emphasize when it is discussed in its narrow sense?

Which of the following words are positive in meaning in English but pejorative or neutral in Chinese?ambitions, boss, do-gooder, self-made man, individualism

Explain how English and Chinese advertising differ.

Interpretation of nonverbal behaviors is_______dependent.

English is a language notorious for the non-correspondence between pronunciationand spelling. One reason is that there are too many______words from other languages, such as “metre”from French.

In a normal text sentences are connected either hypotactically or_______.

A______is a direct comparison between two or more unlike things, normally introduced by“like”or“as”.

Nowadays, most native speakers of English try to avoid sounding like a sexist. Forexample, _______is used to replace“chairman”to refer to a male or a female who presides a meeting.

There are______passive sentences in English, which are active in form but passive inmeaning, as illustrated by the sentence “The door locks easily”.

Generally, phrasal verbs occur often in______English, while their corresponding single words are frequently found in writing.

Americans value homemade objects. To ask if something, food, clothes or decorations of furniture, is homemade is a_______.

Language is______in that there is no logical relationship between language elements and their meanings.

The word for the union in one Godhead of three persons, Father, Son and Holy Ghost is ______.

Nonverbal messages can be used to accent or emphasize distinct points in verbal messages, such as______.

The pronunciation difference between American and British English can be found in“______”

The sentences in a text may be linked by_______means.

The proverbs related to thrift are “______”.

The following expressions that are associated with vigor and energy are “_______”.

In English culture, anything related to privacy or considered personal are taboo, such as_______.

Which of the following statements are TRUE?

Parents select names for their children according to their______concepts shaped by the culture they are in.

Some English words are related to the American history like “______”.

Models for the analysis of culture may include______.

Public territories are open to anyone and are seldom under constant control of any person or group, such as______.

Your friend is going to have an interview for a new job. You may_____to signify goodluck to him.

All the planets got their names from Greco-Roman mythology EXCEPT______.

If one has a conversation with his colleagues or classmates, the spoken style can be______.

The use of a large number of technical terms is the most salient feature of______.

Which connective should be put into the blank in order to show adversative relationbetween the following sentences?For the whole day he climbed up the steep mountainside, almost without stopping._______he was hardly aware of being tired.

The English euphemism for “ugly” is _______.

So far as ideas are concerned, which of the following Chinese metaphorical expressions makes the same analogy as the English expression “He keeps up-to-date by reading the New York Review of Books”?

The red colour is usually associated with celebrations and joyful occasions, as in thefollowing English expressions EXCEPT_______.

To sound modest and humble, one might use ”鄙人” as______to refer to himself inancient times.

The English speaking people will say“______”when they need to pass in front of others.

“A Romeo” refers to a handsome young man, passionate, dashing, who has a way with woman in English culture. It is an allusion from_______.

The idiomatic expression “to have two left feet” means “______”.

Gerunds, participles and infinitives in English are collectively called_______.

Which of the following is NOT the personal name related to knowledge, authority or fame?

English speakers tend to be analytic thinkers. In contrast, Chinese people tend to be _____thinkers.

Connotations of words vary from culture to culture. In Chinese “宣传”is a neutralterm. Its proper English equivalent is ______.

Culture in its broad sense is also called ______ culture.

The supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom is _______.

Culture is a_______phenomenon in that each generation inherits the culture established by its forefathers.