语言与文化自考2013年10月真题及答案解析

Explain the kinds of societies that are divided based on psychological time orientation.

她是那种宁为鸡首不为凤尾的人。

In the United States, the black people used to be called as nigers. which is quiteoffensive. State the euphemisms of nigers in time consequence.

牛皮纸

您先请进。

your father (用敬语翻译)

How hitchhiking is symbolized in English culture?

He is not a man to act rashly.

She is in a family way.

Give examples to show the differences in what can be advertised between English and Chinese culture.

What are the properties of culture?

Both “pretty” and “handsome” mean nice looking. But “pretty” is often used together with “girl”, “woman”, “flower”, etc. “Handsome” frequently appears together with “boy”， “man”,“car”, etc. In what meaning are these two words different?

Of the five categories of gestures _____ are perhaps the most important one because they are intentional behaviours with widely agreed meanings in a society.

Induction means the drawing of a general _____ from a number of known facts.

____ in English is often used metaphorically to refer to a formidably fierce, cruelperson, especially a woman.

In English _____ is often used metaphorically to mean gloomy or dismal.

Terms of humility are used to show the speaker’s _____.

The English equivalent for “坐失良机” is “to miss the _____”.

The derivational morpheme in word “teacher” is_____.

Terms of family relationships like mother, father, son, uncle, or more familiar terms like mom, dad, and aunty are termed as standard _____.

The thinking in which images are particularly attended to is called _____ thinking, which the Chinese people are particularly good at.

The Thames is a _____ in Britain.

Regulators, which help us to interact with other people, include _____.

In the normal text sentences are connected _____.

Human beings have a strong sense of territory and their territories can be classified into the following categories _____.

“Purple” in English culture is often associated with_____.

“To ride one’s high horse” means _____.

Which of the following is the euphemism of “poor”?

Which of the following words have more than one morpheme?

Affective meaning is communicated when the feelings or attitudes are expressed in language.

Which of the following expressions are chiefly used to convey affective meaning?

The personal names related to the date of birth are quite popular in China. Which of the following names can reflect such feature?

Crossing one’s forefinger and middle finger signifies_____ in English speaking countries.

In proxemics scholars are particularly interested in the _____ between interlocutors in interpersonal communication.

Language is not entirely arbitrary. The words which have association with the sounds or the meaning of the compounds are not arbitrary. Which of the following English or Chinese words are NOT created arbitrarily?

What is the logical relation of the sentences below?

“Tickets, please. ” said the conductor.

In a moment passengers were holding out their tickets.

In contemporary legal documents _____ are used thinly.

Uranium is the god of _____.

A Chinese shows respect not only to a superior as his interlocutor. He uses honorifics to refer to his superior no matter whether his superior is present or not. For example, an emperor was called _____ when he was referred to in speeches or letters.

The logical relation the sentences below exhibit is _____.

-Are your parents coming to the Expo Sites?-Yes, they are.

Euphemisms are also frequently used in education. If a teacher describes a student as “being able to do better work with help”, he might mean that the student is _____.

What is the meaning of “a bear” in “He is a bear at fine arts.”?

What does the expression “a blue fit” mean in informal English?

“Red tape” means _____.

The English equivalent for “前车之覆，后车之鉴” can be“ _____”.

“Excuse me” can be used in the following occasions EXCEPT _____.

How many morphemes are there in the word “international”?

You invite your English speaking friend to have dinner in your house. When he compliments that the food is very tasty, your response might be “_____”.

In which sentence does “it” function only as a grammatical subject and not refer to anything?Sentence 1: It is raining.Sentence 2: It is 9:00 o’clock.Sentence 3: It is very cold.Sentence 4: It is my book.

“Statesman” and “politician” can both be used to refer to a high government official. “Politician” conveys a derogative meaning while “statesman” does not. In this sense, the two words are mainly distinguished by their _____ meaning.

Which of the following pairs of English expressions and their Chinese equivalents is NOT correct?

A person who cannot read or write is only an “illiterate”. However, a person who cannot speak is normally regarded as “disabled”. This fact shows _____.

Language is vocal. This statement means that the primary medium of language is _____.