语言与文化自考2013年01月真题及答案解析
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Why do some Chinese 1earners of English speak English as if they were reading aloud a book?
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“Do not wear out your welcome” is an English proverb，which reflects the culture of the English speaking countries. Discuss what this proverb indicates to you.
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谢谢你鼓励我。
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我们知道如何分清敌友。
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to go to the washroom
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当地政府给这个项目开了绿灯。
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Great men are not always wise.
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a needy family
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How did American English gain prestige and become one of the two main regional dialects of English?
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How hitchhiking is symbolized in English culture?
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Why do we say that thought is a social product, part of culture?
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What does “a Pandora’s box” allude to?
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The social-consultative zone ranges from 4 to about 8 feet. It is often the distance at which Americans discuss ______.
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If the sentences in a text are linked by meaning alone, we say that they exhibit ______.
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Many ______ terms in English show clearly the influence of Greco-Latin civilization upon the modern societies in the West. For example, botany, mathematics, atom, etc.
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In Chinese letters, the sender and receiver’s addresses appear only on the ______.
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“The good seaman is known in bad weather”is a proverb related to ______.
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In English culture ______ is highly valued. For this reason, one can find only a few honorifics in English.
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He refused to accept my advice. He’s as stubborn as a ______, though he’s impulsive.
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The Norman Conquest brought the ______ language to England.
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In English the ______ for nouns is an obligatory category. When plurality is to be expressed, it must be marked explicitly.
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______ is the primary function of language.
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Much of the ______ information is conveyed by eye behaviours.
- A.factual
- B.attitudinal
- C.emotional
- D.cultural
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Westerners often draw a cross by touching the forehead, breast and shoulders to invoke the blessing of Christ, when they are ______.
- A.angry
- B.shocked
- C.sad
- D.amused
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It is important to note that textual connectives include ______ that function as linkages between sentences in a text.
- A.conjunctions
- B.words of other word classes
- C.phrases
- D.punctuations
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Red has associative meanings for ______ in English culture.
- A.unhappy feelings
- B.running a business at a loss
- C.emotions
- D.revolution and communism
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Which of the following are the English equivalents of the Chinese honorifics“您有何贵干”?
- A.What brings you here?
- B.What’s your opinion?
- C.What’s the matter?
- D.I’d like to know why you’re here.
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Which of the following are examples of allusions?
- A.An Oliver Twist.
- B.To carry the ball.
- C.Pride goes before a fall.
- D.Homer sometimes nods.
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English pronouns are marked for the ______ case.
- A.subjective
- B.genitive
- C.independent
- D.determinative
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When you receive an invitation from an English speaking person，which of the following are the appropriate replies to the invitation?
- A.Thank you very much. I’ll try to come.
- B.That would be lovely, but I am afraid I have my class at that time. Thank you all the same.
- C.That would be nice. Thank you.
- D.That’s very nice of you. But I’m not sure whether I will be free then. Can I call you back this evening?
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______ illustrates the relationship between English words and Christianity.
- A.Anzac Day
- B.Reformation
- C.Protestant
- D.Pudding
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In English speaking countries natural body odour, especially smell of ______, is thought to be undesirable.
- A.perspiration
- B.perfume
- C.radishes
- D.precipitation
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Language is used to ______ the world.
- A.understand
- B.shape
- C.describe
- D.determine
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In proxemics scholars are particularly interested in the ______ between interlocutors in interpersonal communication.
- A.relative rights
- B.relationship
- C.distance
- D.relative obligation
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Chinese news reports are usually presented in a(n) ______.
- A.light tone
- B.serious tone
- C.humorous way
- D.informal way
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Fish and beef is my favorite food.The components of the above sentence show ______ relations.
- A.phonetic
- B.hypotactic
- C.paratactic
- D.unparallel
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Yesterday morning John went to a book store. After that, he watched a movie. The logical relationship between the above sentences is ______.
- A.additive
- B.adversative
- C.causal
- D.temporal
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In contemporary legal documents, ______ are used thinly.
- A.loan words
- B.adjectives
- C.punctuation marks
- D.long sentences
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It is rude to say someone is fat. Instead，we may say someone is ______.
- A.heavy
- B.hard
- C.skinny
- D.hot
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Anything that is prohibited by religion, tradition or social usage is a taboo. There are behavioural and ______ taboos.
- A.body
- B.verbal
- C.nonverbal
- D.phonetic
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“An Englishman’s house is his castle” is an English proverb. What kind of cultural value does this English proverb indicate to us?
- A.Aggressiveness.
- B.Hard work.
- C.Self confidence.
- D.Individualism.
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In English ______ is associated with jealousy and envy.
- A.white
- B.black
- C.green
- D.red
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“Don’t waste your thoughts on small projects” is a metaphorical expression related to ______.
- A.ideas
- B.love
- C.life
- D.people
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Waterloo is an allusion derived from ______.
- A.literature
- B.religion
- C.sports
- D.history
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What could you say when your boss compliments you on your work，but you don’t think you have done a good job?
- A.Thank you.
- B.No. I don’t think I have done a good job.
- C.No, but I should work harder.
- D.Yes, but I should work harder.
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The interrogative information is located at the ______ position in English wh-questions.
- A.final
- B.post-verbal
- C.initial
- D.pre-objective
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What would you say as a secretary in the office when you answer the phone call?
- A.Hello. This is Mary speaking. Who’s calling?
- B.Who’s calling，please?
- C.Stone Company. Can I help you?
- D.Good morning.
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“Business card” and “名片” differ in their ______ meaning.
- A.conceptual
- B.thematic
- C.stylistic
- D.reflected
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Culture is a social phenomenon because it is a ______ product of human societies.
- A.technical
- B.traditional
- C.cooperative
- D.language
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It is suggested that Chinese people are good at holistic ______.
- A.thinking
- B.speaking
- C.writing
- D.doing
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The term “culture” is ______, being manifested by Western culture, Asian culture, Latin American culture, etc.
- A.general but concrete
- B.general and abstract
- C.specific but abstract
- D.specific and concrete
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______ claims that one’s thinking is completely determined by his language.
- A.Anthropology
- B.Linguistic relativity
- C.Linguistic determinism
- D.Sociology