旅游英语选读2016年4月真题试题及答案解析（00837）

The travel agent's role is dissimilar to that of most other retailers, in that agents do not purchase a product for resale to their customers. Only when a customer has decided on a travel purchase do agents approach their principal on their customer's behalf to make a purchase. The travel agent does not, therefore, carry "stock' of travel products. This has two important implications for the businesses of travel distribution. First, the cost of setting up in business is comparatively small compared to that of other retail business, and second, agents are not seeking to dispose of products they have already purchased, so will therefore display less brand loyalty towards a particular product or company. However, in the past few years negotiations between principals and agents have led to higher commissions being paid to agents who achieve target sales, and this is causing agents to become more commercial in their approach to sales.

Visitors can find almost any kind of restaurant in most of the large cities in America. The telephone book lists restaurants for each city according to name, area of the city, or kind of food. Restaurants in large cities vary greatly in price. Many restaurants post their menus in the window so you can have some idea of the price and kind of food before you enter. If the menu is not posted, and you are uncertain about how expensive the place is, ask to see a menu before you are seated at a table, or else just ask about the price range. Appearances from the outside can be misleading- -what looks like a small, informal restaurant may rally be very expensive, and what looks like a large, expensive restaurant may be very reasonable.

目标市场

生态平衡

文化快餐

定期客运服务

增值税

经济影响

商务旅行者

辅助服务

国家级旅游

购买力

non-profit overseas offices

ethnic minority groups

the deep-seated traditions

flora and fauna

labor-intensive industry

package one's own tours

less well-off persons

Permanent migration

market segmentation

hospitality services

Some countries or regions have _____ direct taxation _____ tourism to raise additional public income.

In Britain, growing concern Over the possible despoliation of the Lake District led to the formation of a defense society in 1883________ to the region commercial exploitation.

Airlines will overbook to _____ the high number of no-shows, but must exercise caution in case they end up with more passengers than they can accommodate.

With the extension of the United States railroad system, new towns _____ along tracks that spread westward to the Pacific coast.

Business travel tends to be price inelastic and non- seasonal but it has to_____ each executive's needs.

Brochure distribution and control is instrumental in _____ waste as well as increasing sales opportunities.

Many agents have been slow to _____ the computer era while their customers also mistrust computer reservations procedures.

The organization of WTO _____ harmonize tourist polices among nations through formulating and applying principles of international tourism.

With faster mode of travel and lower prices, more people with limited incomes and time for travel can _____ tourism, domestic and international.

With the multidimensional aspects of tourism and its interactions with other activities, it is difficult to _____ a meaningful definition for tourism.

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What is the best title of this passage?

Agents and carriers depend on each other for the purpose of the__.

Hotel properties range from tiny to huge in size_26_ large properties such as Chicago's Hilton and Towers or Excalibur in Las Vegas_ 27_ the public's imagination, the _28 _of properties offer between 100 and 200 units. Surprisingly enough, most properties perform basically the_ 29_ functions, but the way in which they accomplish them_ 30 _with the property size.A large property may employ a general manager, _31_ an executive assistant manager_ 32_ responsibility for day-to-day operations. There is often a resident manager who supervises several33 on his or her side of the hotel, and a food and beverage manager who reports to the "exec"._34_, in the 100-unit inn, the general manager may be responsible --with an executive housekeeper and perhaps front-office manager or chief clerk-for_ 35_ the rooms and for supervising an assistant manager _ 36__ food and beverage. Thus, the executive _37_ may vary from two or three persons_ 38_ a few department heads and key employees in a small property, _39_ a substantial bureaucratic organization made of the many layers of authority necessary to _ 40__ a large complex property.

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Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

How do agents learn to explain destinations and give suggestions to travelers?

What is the best title for the passage?

(2)

Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned. Government bureaus, trade and travel associations carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.

Travel operators, specialists in the field of planning, sponsor extensive research programs. They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services, and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and in preparing effective advertising campaigns. They distribute materials to agencies, such as journals, brochures and advertising projects. They offer familiarization and workshop tours so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.

Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling In this way agents learn to explain destinations and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel- panes, ships, trains, motor-coaches car-rentals and even car purchases. Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts, considering both the comfort of the clients and. their own profitable financial arrangement. Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels, and, conversely, hotels rely upon agencies to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.

The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers, including ca-rental and sight-seeing services. Carries are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers, and agencies are dependent upon caries to preset them with marketable tours. All services must work together for greater efficiency fair pricing and contented customers

The word "optimum" in the first paragraph can be best replaced by ?

Mountaineers compete against ____ .

Mountaineering can be called a team sport because ____ .

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Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity such as walking, cycling, a game of some kind of football or mountaineering.

Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women wiling to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risk on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.

Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football There are, of course, rules of a different thing that it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.

If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big diffidence is that mountaineering is not a "team game". We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no "matches" between "teams" of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.

The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than men. He has to fight the fores of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.

The difference between a sport and a game has to do with the kind of ____ .

The subject of congestion can be considered in three ways. h includes all the following EXCEPT ____ .

According to the 1963 conference on International Travel and Tourism, tourists were those who stayed for more than____ hours.

A very large number of the jobs created by tourism are ____ ,so that tourism's contribution to "job-hours" is great.

One of the primary responsibilities of a manager is to ____ .

____ may form an impenetrable barrier to genuine local contact and this limitation may lead to mutual misunderstanding

The first chain operation in the United States was started by________in the early 1900s.

____ last approximately one to four weeks.

If the brochure is to do its job effectively, the entire following are essential EXCEPT _____ .

_____ will ensure that costs are kept under control, and that staff are motivated.

In the second half of the 20 century, the development of______contributed to the growth of tourism.

The tourism industry is like any other in that _____ .

In general, the world's _____ have experienced high level of tourism demand and supply.

_____ can be considered the end or goal of leisure.

Tourists who wish to see as much of the countryside as possible may elect to________ staying at different places each night.

The International Passenger Survey in the U.K. distinguished 5 types of visits: holiday independent _____ business, visits to friends and relatives, miscellaneous.