英语词汇学2016年10月真题试题及答案解析（00832）

What characteristic of antonyms does the following pair of sentences demonstrate?

A) How tall is his brother?

B) How short is his brother?

Arrange each of the following groups of synonyms according to their degree of intensity, from the weakest to the strongest.

1) astonish, amaze, surprise

2) pardon, forgive, excuse

3) genius, ability, talent

4) sadness, grief, sorrow

5) pleasure, rapture, elight

Comment on the following two sentences to illustrate the two sub-categories of affective meaning.

A) Knowledge of inequality has stimulated envy, ambition and greed.

B) One who is filled with ambition usually works hard.

What are the three major functions of context?

Give the definition of a stem and point out the stem(s) in the word “internationalist”.

Explain the difference between initialisms and acronyms with the example words VOA, AIDS, N-bomb, UFO, CORE, ID.

phrasal verbs

grammatical context

Synonyms

Compounding

All sentence idioms are complete sentences. They are mainly_____and sayings, including colloquialisms and catchphrases.

semantic change (referring to modes of vocabulary development)

The main body of a dictionary is its_____of words.

Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of semantic_____.

The extra-linguistic context may extend to embrace the entire _____background, which may also aft the meaning of words.

The_____of an expressions not a thing, so it is difficult to say what sort of identity it is. For example, and, if, yes don't refer to anything in the world, but all have meanings.

Compounds differ from free phrases in three aspects: Phonetic,_____ and grammatical features.

The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from two diffident angles: _____approach and synchronic approach.

In modern times,_____brings less than ten percent of modern English vocabulary from other languages.

In the words prewar. bloody, impossible, pre-, -y im- are called____affixes.

Newly-created words or expressions in English vocabulary, such as AIDS and E-mail are called_____.

Which of the following is NOT the proper Chinese equivalent for its English item?

• A.吃软不吃硬 -open to persuasion, but not to coercion
• B.布衣素食- -coarse clothes and simple fare
• C.打小报告- be a reporter
• D.没词儿 -be suck for an answer

The grammatical code [+ obj v-ed] means_____.

• A.verb + infinitive
• B.verb + object + infinitive
• C.verb + object + past participle
• D.verb + object + clause with wh-

Which of the following idioms is NOT a phrasal verb?

• A.look into
• B.fall flat
• C.get away with
• D.put off

The English idiom_____ means "something that spoils the perfection of something".

• A.white elephant
• B.flesh and blood
• C.an apple of discord
• D.fly in the ointment

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

• A.Monolingual dictionaries are written in two languages.
• B.An unabridged dictionary .is an unshortened one.
• C.Linguistic dictionaries aim at defining words and explaining their usages in the language.
• D.Special dictionaries concentrate on a particular area of language or knowledge.

When in a brown study is used as an idiom, brown cannot be replaced by red, green, etc.This shows that_____.

• A.many idioms are grammatically unanalysable
• B.the word order of idioms cannot be inverted or changed
• C.the structure of an idiom is to a large extent unchangeable
• D.the constituents of an idiom cannot be deleted or added to

_____is used as context clues in the following sentence: "Do get me a clop," she said, smacking her lips, but her brother, with a scornful glance up at the branches, said that there were none ripe pet.

• A.Hyponymy
• B.Example
• C.Word structure
• D.Definition

I like Mary better than Jean.The above sentence has ambiguity due to _____.

• A.polysemy
• B.homonymy
• C.antonymy
• D.grammatical structure

The meaning of clear-sounding has changed from "sight" to "hearing". This example shows _____.

• A.associated transfer
• B.transfer of sensations
• C.transfer between abstract and concrete meanings
• D.transfer between subjective and objective meanings

Many familiar words have different meanings when they are used in different contexts. Study the following sentences carefully and decide in which sentence stage means “the theatre or acting as a profession”

• A.The union kept plans alive to stage new strikes.
• B.The scientist have added another stage to the rocket
• C.Michael Jackson is a star of the stage, screen, and television.
• D.I believe in the national independence as the first stage of responsible self-government.

Which of the following words has undergone elevation of meaning?

• A.busybody: busy person →officious and meddlesome person
• B.naughty: wicked, bad, evil →not behaving properly
• C.notorious: well-known +unfavorably well-known
• D.voyage: Journey →journey by water

The word picture originally denoted mere "painting". but now has come to include "drawing" and even "photograph". This example shows _____ of meaning.

• A.extension
• B.narrowing
• C.degradation
• D.Transfer

Which of the following statements is true?

• A.Perfect homonyms share the sane spelling and pronunciation.
• B.Homonyms mainly come from borrowing changes in sound and spelling, and dialects.
• C.Homonyms are words whose meaning are closely related.
• D.Most homonyms are words that are the same in spelling bu differ in sound and meaning

Horse, dog, pig are subordinates in relation to animal, which shows the sense relation of _____.

• A.antonymy
• B.synonymy
• C.homonymy
• D.hyponymy

Which of the following expressions does NOT use antonyms?

• A.Easy come, easy go.
• B.More haste, less speed.
• C.Feed a cold and starve a fever
• D.United we stand, divided we fall

The following are words of appreciative meanings EXCEPT _____.

• A.famous
• B.determined
• C.notorious
• D.slim

The meaning given in the dictionary and forming the core of word-meaning is__ meaning

• A.Grammatical
• B.conceptual
• C.associate
• D.affective

___ is the result of human recognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.

• A.Reference
• B.Concept
• C.Sense
• D.Motivation

Words like nylon, rayon, rayon are words from proper names, which were originally_____.

• A.names of people
• B.names of places
• C.names of books
• D.trade names

Which of the following prefixes is a pejorative prefix?

• A.a- (asleep)
• B.de- (de-compose)
• C.mal- (mal-practice)
• D.extra- (extra strong)

The prefixes bl, multi, semi- are_____ prefixes.

• A.miscellaneous
• B.number
• C.locative
• D.reversative

There are inflectional affixes in the following words EXCEPT_____.

• A.likes
• B.hardest
• C.hatred
• D.going

For the words idealistic, prisoner individualist, only ideal, prison, individual are _____.

• A.free morphemes
• B.bound morphemes
• C.functional words
• D.grammatical words

For the word antecedent, -ced.is called a(n)_____ .

• A.free morpheme
• B.bound root
• C.free root
• D.affix

New words like Mao Jackets, kungfu blank belt come into present-day English vocabulary due to _____.

• A.social, economic and political changes
• B.an upsurge of learning ancient Roman classics
• C.the influence of other cultures and languages
• D.the rapid development of modem science and technology

In the mid-seventeenth century,_____ enabled English to absorb words from all major languages of the world.

• A.the Renaissance
• B.the growth of colorization
• C.advances in science and technology
• D.new upsurge of learning ancient Greek classics

At the end of the 6 century Latin-speaking Roman missionaries spread Christianity and brought many____ terms such as abbot, candle, alter.

• A.geographical
• B.medical
• C.artistic
• D.religious

Which of the flowing belongs to the common core of the English language?

• A.Polysemy.
• B.Terminology.
• C.Jargon.
• D.Slang

Semantics is the study of_____ of different linguistic levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse,etc.

• A.relations
• B.origins
• C.forms
• D.meanings

The relationship between sound and meaning is____ because people of the same speech community have agreed to refer to the thing or the person with this cluster of sounds.

• A.arbitrary
• B.conventional
• C.symbolic
• D.fixed