英语词汇学2015年4月真题试题及答案解析（00832）

Comment on the following groups of words in terms of types of antonyms: contradictory terms, contrary terms, relative terms.“true — false’’，“big — small”，“husband - wife”

Explain the difference between back-formation and suffixation.

What does the underlined word mean in the following sentence and what contextual clue is used?“He was in a mood of complete (euphoria), his happiness being the result of an announcement that he had won the sweep-stakes.”

Identify the kind and the origin (Latin, Greek, French, Scandinavian or Italian) of the following groups of words.

1)thrive, they, egg, ill, die

2)status, minimum, arena, species, alibi

3)synonym, polysemy, grammar, etymology, syntax

4)symphony, piano, trio, tenor, model

5)dress, clock, pork, mutton, fry

Explain what is polysemy from the synchronic point of view.

What is acronymy?

extension

metonymy

motivation

stem

jargon

The variation in the idiom “Jack of all trades” from the original form “Jack of all trades and master of none” is____.

As a general Chinese-English dictionary, A Chinese-English Dictionary (Revised Edition) (CED) (1995) is the most____and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one.

The term “trade union” means differently in western countries and in China, which shows that the____context may also affect the word meaning.

Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages, but when a word is first coined, it is always____.

The process by which words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense is called____.

The word meaning is made up of____meaning and grammatical meaning.

Free morphemes are____of other morphemes. They have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences.

“Exam” is the shortened form of “examination” by back clipping. Then “plane” is used to mean “aeroplane” by____clipping

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE) New Edition (1987) was noted for the following aspects EXCEPT____.

Words taken over from foreign languages are known as borrowed words or____words.

From the historical overview of the English vocabulary, the Norman conquest started a continual flow of____words into English.

Webster fs New Dictionary of Synonyms (1978) is a(n)____dictionary.

The idiom “earn one’s bread” is a____as far as figures of speech are concerned.

British dictionaries generally use____to mark the pronunciation.

Which of the following is one of the characteristics of idioms?

The idiom “tooth and nail” is a(n)____.

Lexical context refers to the cases in which the meaning of a word is affected and defined by the____.

In the sentence “in spite of fact that the fishermen were wearing sou' westers, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through", the context clue used is____.

When a word with multiple meanings is used in inadequate context, it creates____.

Which of the following is NOT one of the types of changes in word-meaning?

When a common word is turned into a proper noun, the meaning is____accordingly such as “the City”，which means the “business centre of London”.

The extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in word-meaning include the following EXCEPT____.

“Dear” and “deer” are words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning. They are____.

Words are arbitrary symbols and are____identities so far as their outer facet — spelling and pronunciation, is concerned.

From the diachronic point of view, ____ is assumed to be the result of growth and development of the semantic structure of one and same word.

The group of words which has the same grammatical meaning is “____”.

When we use the “foot of the mountain”，we are comparing the lower part of the mountain to the foot of a human being. In this sense, the word “foot” conveys____.

“Many” and “much” both have the same concept, but collocate with different words，such as “much time, much money”，but “many books, many people”，not vice versa. This example illustrates____.

The word that contains a prefix of degree is____.

“A hot dog” is by no means a dog that is hot, but a typical American sausage in between two pieces of bread.This example illustrates the____features of compounds.

Which of the following words is an example of free morphemes?

Which of the following parts is the root of the word “internationalists”?

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of English new words?

Which of the following words does NOT belong to the words of Scandinavian origin?

The word “denaturalization” can be broken down into “de-”，“nature”，“-al”，“-ize”，“-ation”, each having meaning of its own. These minimal meaningful units are known as____.

The language used between 450 and____is called Old English.

The differences between sound and form are NOT due to____.

The following are the translation-loans EXCEPT____.

Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of the basic word stock?