英语词汇学2014年10月真题试题及答案解析（00832）

Comment on the following groups of words in terms of types of antonyms: contradictory terms, contrary terms, relative terms.“same - different”，“hot - cold’’，“parent - child”

What does the underlined word mean in the following sentence and what contextual clue is used?“Do you know the (architect)? He designed St. Paul’s Cathedral.”

I want to be TV’s (czar) of script and grammar.“Czar” in the above sentence is used to be a proper noun. Explain its meaning in relation to its origin.

What are the three main sources of new words in present-day English vocabulary? Match the following expressions with the three sources as examples.“green revolution”，“fast food’’，“the fourth world”，“Mao jackets”，“open heart surgery ”

Explain what is polysemy from the diachronic point of view.

a) They now eat better food, live in better houses, and wear better clothes than ever before,b) They are now better fed, better housed, and better clothed than ever before.Compare the above two sentences and explain the effect of using nouns as verbs.

elevation

metonymy

semantic motivation

Three good general dictionaries are LDCE, CCELD and .

affixes

neologism

is very important for the understanding of word-meaning, for without it there is no way to determine the very sense of the word that the speaker intended to convey.

The idiom “cut and dried” is in nature.

In synonymous pairs such as "die — pass away”, “ask — question”, each pair has the same but different socio-cultural and stylistic values.

The word “garage” originally simply meant “any safe place”，but now means “a place for storing cars”. Such kind of change in word-meaning is called .

Synchronically, is viewed as the coexistence of various meanings of the same word in a certain historical period of time, say, Modem English.

If we say that Old English was a language of full endings, Middle English was one of ____endings.

The morpheme is the ____ functioning unit in the composition of words.

“Bad-mouth” used as a verb can take the past tense marker e.g. “He bad-mouthed me.”This example shows a compound tends to play a single ____ role in a sentence.

As far as the origins of the words are concerned, English words can be classified into ____ words and borrowed words.

American dictionaries generally use____ to mark the pronunciation.

The change in the idiom “take short views” from the original form “take long views” is____.

Readers will usually find the following areas of information of a word in a general dictionary EXCEPT____.

Which of the following is NOT one of the three good general dictionaries?

Which of the following is NOT one type of figures of speech?

Which of the following rhetorical features can be seen in the idiom “bag and baggage”?

The context clue used in “It’s just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors — those tiny parts of a computer commonly known as ‘silicon chip’” is____.

Ambiguity often arises due to____，as is shown in the sentence “He is a hard businessman"， in which “hard” can mean both “hardworking” and “difficult”.

The meaning of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs. This is what we call____context.

Word-meaning changes by the following modes EXCEPT____.

The word “journal” originally meant mere “daily paper”，but now has come to include any “periodical”. The above example reflects one type of changes in word meaning,that is，____.

Which of the following is one of the linguistic factors that cause the change of meaning?

Words are____symbols and independent identities so far as their outer facet — spelling and pronunciation, is concerned.

“Comprehend” and “understand” are synonyms, but “understand” is used in a much more extended sense than “comprehend”. The above example shows there is difference in ____between near-synonyms.

When a word was created, it was endowed with only one meaning, which is called the primary meaning. Which of the following is the primary meaning of the word “face”?

Which of the following statements is true?

The word “mother” is often associated with “love”，“care”，“tenderness”，“forgiving”，etc. In this sense, the word “mother” conveys____.

The following words are onomatopoetically motivated words EXCEPT ____.

The verbal phrase “fall down” can be turned into a noun compound as____.

Which of the following words is an example of blending?

Which of the following words contains a number prefix?

How many free morphemic words are there in the following words: wind, man, reddish, collection?

Derivational affixes are affixes added to other morphemes to create new words. Which of the following words does NOT have a derivational affix?

Which of the following words does NOT have a suffix?

Which of the following words does NOT belong to the words of French origin?

The five Romance languages, namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Roumanian all belong to the Italic through an intermediate language called ____.

The language used between 1150 and____is called Middle English.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Of all the characteristics listed for the basic word stock the most important is____.

Which of the following words is NOT one of the aliens?