英语词汇学2012年7月真题试题及答案解析（00832）

Analyze and comment on three adjectives used in the following sentences based on synonym difference in connotation.

[A] Look at that little boy.

[B] Look at that small boy.

[C] Look at that tiny boy.

What are the four main sources of English synonyms?

What are contextual clues? Guess the meaning of the words underlined in the following sentences and tell what contextual clues have helped you in arriving at the meaning.(a) Their greatest fear was of a (conflagration), since fire would destroy their flimsy wooden settlement before help could arrive.(b) As the fighting on all fronts reached its peak, the economy neared its (nadir).

Comment on the following groups of words to illustrate types of meaning of words and their relationship.

Group 1: “took, taught, became”

Group 2: “have, has, had, had, having”

Please illustrate the logical relationships of the following terms: free morphemes, bound root, derivational affixes, affixes, morphemes, inflectional affixes, bound morphemes.

Prefixation and suffixation are two subclasses of affixation. Please define prefixation and suffixation and explain the difference between them. Use “polite—impolite”, “happy—happiness” to illustrate your point.

deletion of idioms

lexical context

homonymy

conversion

British dictionaries generally use International Phonetic Alphabet to mark the ______.

creation

Based on the ______ context, we can determine the meaning of “Sarcasm doesn’t become you” as “Sarcasm doesn’t suit you”.

“Sing a different tune” is an idiom ______ in nature.

Increased scientific knowledge and discovery are also important factors that account for the change of word ______.

Words like “bang, pingpong, miaow” are examples of ______ motivation.

Contradictory terms do not show ______, as far as antonyms are concerned.

“Motel” is a word formed through ______.

Derivational affixes can be further divided into prefixes and ______.

Content words are changing all the time whereas functional words are ______.

If we say that Old English was a language of full endings, Middle English was one of ______ endings.

Which of the following is NOT true for a Chinese-English Dictionary (revised Edition) (CED) (1995)?

LDCE is distinctive for the following features EXCEPT ______.

The idiom “play fair” was created probably by______.

Which of the following rhetorical features can be seen in the idiom “wear and tear”?

Encyclopaedic dictionaries can be further divided into encyclopaedia and ______dictionaries.

“Tooth and nail” is all idiom ______ in nature.

The sentence “I like Mary better than John’’ is ambiguous due to ______.

In the sentence“Copernicus believed in a heliocentric universe，rather than in the geocentric theory”，the meaning of heliocentric call be inferred from the clue of ______.

Which of the following is NOT a context clue?

There are generally two major factors that cause changes in meaning，extra-linguistic factors and ______ factors within the language system.

______ is a process by which a word of wider meaning acquires a specialized sense. For example，the original meaning of the word“meat” was food and the modern meaning is edible flesh.

As far as denotation is concerned，relative synonyms may differ ______.

Borrowing has caused word-meaning changes，as indicated in“______ formerly meant animal，and later animal from Latin and beast from French found their way into English ______.”

______ motivation explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word.

Lion，elephant，tiger, turtle，sheep and snake are ______ of animal.

Antonyms are classified on the basis of ______ opposition.

The word “pop” belongs to ______ clipping.

The ______ meaning of words usually shows the attitude of approval of the speaker.

Which of the following is NOT one of the associative meaning of a word?

The most productive ways of word-formation in modern English are the following EXCEPT ______.

The formation of new words by joining two or more stems is called ______.

The past tense marker“-ed”is pronounced as/t/in the following words EXCEPT ______.

There are ______ free morphemic words in the following words：worker, car, impossible，anger, politely.

There is/are ______ stem(s)in the word“internationalists”

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

The Germanic family consists of the four Northern European Languages: Norwegian, Icelandic, Danish and Swedish, which are generally known as ______ languages.

Which of the following is NOT the main source of new words?

Words can be classified into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.

In formal use, “pot” means “cooking utensil”. Whereas, when it means “marijuana”, it is a ______.

Translation-loans are words and expressions formed from the existing material in the English language but modelled on the patterns taken from another language. For example, the English expression “long time no see” is from ______.