英语词汇学2010年4月真题试题及答案解析（00832）

State the roles of context in determination of word meaning. Illustrate your points with examples.

Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the stylistic features of idioms.Stylistically speaking, most idioms are neither formal nor informal.

Analyze and comment, with a diagram, on the italicized words increase, extend and expand in the following three sentences based on the concept of discrimination of synonyms.

[a] The company has decided to increase its sales by ten per cent next year.

[b] The owner of the restaurant is going to extend the kitchen by ten feet this year.

[c] The metal will expand if heated.

What is grammatical meaning of a word? Give an example to illustrate your point.

What type of transfer is experienced for the word in bold type?

The fairy tale “The Sleeping Beauty” is very interesting.

What are derivational affixes?

motivation

narrowing

replacement of idioms

conversion

Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into ____and encyclopedic dictionaries.

borrowed words

The sentence “I like Mary better than Jean.” will lead to____.

The fixity of idioms depends on the____.

The attitudes of classes have also made inroads into lexical meaning in the case of elevation or____.

Though having little lexical meaning, ____words have strong grammatical meaning.

The vocabulary of a language is in constant change; old items drop out, new items come in, and as the new replace the old, so the internal ____of the whole set alter.

In modern English, word endings were mostly lost with just a few exceptions because English has evolved from a synthetic language to the present ____language.

The morphemes can be grouped into free morphemes and ____morphemes.

New words which are created by adding affixes to stems are called____.

Grammarians insist that a word be a ____form that can function in a sentence.

locative prefixes

radios/desks

decompose/unwrap

pejorative meaning

collocative meaning

hyperactive/superfreeze

man/woman

pejorative prefixes

parent/child

B

A. maltreat

B. Jap/nigger

C. tremble (not quiver) with fear

D. famous/determined

E. extraordinary/telecommunication

F. prefixes of degree

G. inflectional affixes

H. reversative prefixes

I. contradictory terms

J. relative terms

A

appreciative meanings

British dictionaries generally use____to mark the pronunciation.

Webster's Third New International Dictionary is the best-known ______dictionary.

Which of the following is NOT one of the three good general dictionaries mentioned in the textbook?

The idiom “failure is the mother of success” is a ____ as far as figures of speech are concerned.

In nothing flat as an idiom is ____in nature.

Which of the following is NOT one respect of the rhetorical features of idioms?

The extra-linguistic context may extend to embrace the entire____.

The sentence “He is a hard businessman.” is ambiguous due to____.

In Shakespeare's well-known Hamlet, rival means “____”and jump means “just”.

In some cases, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs. This is called ____context.

In the sentence “Just after two years he is quite a grown boy now.” The word grown can be classified into ____sense of transfer.

Vocabulary is the most ____element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and content.

One important criterion to tell the fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants is to see their____.

____, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called the central meaning.

The word “airmail” is ____motivated.

Words are arbitrary symbols with independent identities so far as their spelling and pronunciation is concerned. But ____, all words are related in one way or another.

The prefix “mis-” in the word “mistrust” is a ____prefix.

Such synonymous pair as “die-pass away” has the same ____but different stylistic values.

Which of the following is NOT one of the meanings of “word meaning”?

“Washing machine” is a word formed by____.

The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPT ____.

“TV” is a(n) ____.

The word “idealistic” comprises ____morphemes.

The plural morphme “-s” is realizd by/Iz/after the following sounds EXCEPT____.

Which of the following is one of the three channels through which modern English vocabulary develops?

Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the followings EXCEPT____.

In modern times, ____is the most important way of vocabulary expansion.

____ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words.

“I'm sure that they will come today.”There are____content words in the above sentence.

When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a ____ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.