全国自考现代语言学模拟试卷(6)

The phonological features that occur above the level of individual sounds are called suprasegmetal features. Discuss the main suprasegmental features, illustrating with examples how they function in the distinction of meaning.

What is the goal of sociolinguistics?

phoneme

compounding

apocope

bound morpheme

finite clause

psycholinguistics

haplology

morphological rules

bilingualism

assimilation rule

According to Behaviorist learning theory, children are believed to gradually assume correct forms of the language of their community when their “bad” speech gets corrected and when their good speech gets positively reinforced.

T he critical period hypothesis proposed by the neurobiologist Eric Lenneberg believes that there exists a critical age for the acquisition of the first language after which language cannot be acquired or learned any more.

Free morphemes are the same as bound morphemes.

An acronym is shortened form of word or phrase which represents the complete form.

When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment that occurs in the same place in the string, then the two words are called minimal pairs. Sip and zip are a minimal pair, as are fine and vine, and veal and leaf.

Case condition, like adjacency condition, is one of the general principles of universal grammar.

Borrowing occurs when one language takes a word or morpheme from another language and adds it to its lexicon.

The notion of context is essential to the pragmatic study of language.

In sociolinguistics, taboo denotes any prohibition on the use of particular lexical items to refer to objects or acts.

From the semantic point of view, the meaning of a compound is always perceived from the meanings of its components.

D________ listening tests involve simultaneously presenting, through earphones, two different auditory signals,one to the right ear and the other to the left ear.

Stops, fricatives, affricates, liquids, and glides all have some degree of o________ and are therefore.

Language functions are believed to be lateralized primarily in the I________ hemisphere of the brain.

The word “snowfall” is a word formed by joining two separate words, i. e. “snow” and “fall”. This newly formed word is generally regarded as a c________.

P________ is interested in the system of sounds of a particular language.

The brain's neurological specialization for language is called linguistic l________, which psycholinguists are particularly interested in.

People may communicate their feelings or thoughts via n________ signals such as facial expressions, gestures, postures.

Affixes like “im-”, “il-”, “un-”, “-tion”, “-or”, “-hood”, are called d________ affixes.

C________ analysis is based upon the belief that the meaning of a word can be divided into meaning components.

R________ is what a linguistic form. refers to in the real world; it is a matter of the relationship between form. and the reality.

Grimm pointed out that certain phonological changes must have occurred early in the history of the Germanic languages, which did not take place in ________, Greek, or Latin.

The sound [p] is a voiceless bilabial ________.

________ linguistics refers to the study of a language or languages at a single point in time, without reference to earlier or later stages.

In general, children's holophrastic sentences begin ________.

At the ________ stage negation is simply expressed by single words with negative meaning.

The number of the lexieal items in the minor lexical categories is ________ and no new members are allowed for.

________ refers to any attempt by a government, etc. to choose a particular speech variety and spread the use of it, including its pronunciation and spelling systems, across regional boundaries.

The study of language as a whole is often called ________ linguistics.

“I like this shirt very much.” has ________ arguments.

Which of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisition?