高级英语2017年4月真题试题及答案解析（00600）

我并不是说美国人要袖手旁观，等待一个充满怀疑与绝望的短暂阶段自行消失。在此时此地生活着的美国人有权利获得生活质量的提高，而他们自己也必须为此付出努力。男女老少晚上不敢上街，他们有时害怕警察就像害怕罪犯，这二者有时看来就像他们彼此在镜中的影像，这些都不正常。

美国人发现，在他们以及亲友被抛入老年行列之前，很难想象年老是什么样子。衰老是人类生命周期中无人照看的非亲生儿。

我无法确切地说出我的哪些动机最强烈，但我知道哪些值得遵从。

我得承认，我总是对那些自吹一上床就能睡着的人感到怀疑。

他迈着小而急促的步子从每个人身边走过，把那张纸条给每个人看，就像拍卖会上的一名服务员。

很简单，电视节目的制作要迎合观众的注意力跨度短这一特点。

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

Not a move. Even her expression hadn't changed. Her breaths, however, were.coming faster and faster. Then the (32) began. I had to do it. I had to have a (33) culture for her own protection. But first I told the (34) that it was entirely up to them. I (35) the danger but said that I would not insist on a throat (36) so long as they would take the responsibility.Only two people shared her "special" seat: a fine old man in a velvet coat, his hands clasped over a huge carved walking-stick, and a big old woman, sitting.upright, with a (37) of knitting on her embroidered apron. They did not speak.This was (38) , for Miss Brill always looked (39) to the conversation. She had become really quite (40), she thought, at listening as though she didn't (41) , at sitting in other people's lives just for a minute while they talked roundAccordingly, I was considered one of the (42) ones. My scholarship to college was a ticket. People did not expect me to (43) . Understanding this, I can understand the (44) in the minds of those in Watts when I was home last I summer, working in the (45) poverty program. Rumors spread quickly that was a FBI (46) . I was suspect because I was not supposed to return.When white men first effect contact with some unspoilt race of savages, they offer hem (47) kinds of benefits, from the light of the Gospel to (48) pic.These, however, much as we may regret it, most savages (49) with indifference. What they really value among the gifts that we bring to them is intoxicating liquor, which enables them, for the first (50) in their lives, to have the illusion, for a few brief moments, that it is better to be (51) than dead.At the flower market she walked up and down in front of the stalls, and saw more clearly because of her decision, so she thought. She looked at the flowers. She looked at the people. There was a (52) at the farthest stand. The woman's face was (53) But her hands were beautiful. She was (54) a baby. Marian wanted (55) grand flowers, only the soft and touchable. She bought a big wheel of (56) carnations, and some little gentle-petalled primroses with shiny dark green leaves.

A.lucky B.receive C.sad D.pumpkin E.forward

F.explained G.disappointing H.agent I.alive J.time

K.family L.all M.nursing N.no O.return P.local Q.listen

R.throat S.parents T.expert U.puzzlement

V.examination W.red X.battle Y.roll

()

Most researchers agree that the activity most clearly proven to slow aging in the brain is aerobic exercise.

What can we benefit from brain games?

The fact that structural changes occur [in the brain] does not imply that in general this brain has become more capable. It has become more capable of doing exactly the tasks it was practicing.

"Our basic intention was to release a product that helps people improve cognitive abilities," he says.

The scientists also laid out criteria that the games would have to meet to convince them of their merit. It's a tough list.

In other words, repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it but not necessarily much else.

Which of the following might be the best title of this passage?

It can be inferred from the last paragraph that a scientist ( ) .

The word "consensus" in Paragraph 9 means ( ) .

From Staudinger's point of view in Paragraph 7, brain games are ( ) .

To improve one's cognitive ability, scientists suggest in Paragraph 8 that ( ) .

The word "exaggerated" in Paragraph 6 means ( ) .

We can learn from Paragraph 3 that ( ) .

Which of the following is the main idea of Paragraph 2?

The word "inexorable" in Paragraph 1 means ( ) .

(1) I's easy to keep your aging brain as nimble as it was in college. Log on to a website full of brain games or download the right apps, and within 20 minutes you'll be doing your part to sharpen your memory and slow the inexorable decline of your mental functions. At least that's what the companies behind this booming industry would have you believe. But is it true?

(2) Concrete proof about the benefits of brain games is hard to come by, experts say, when it comes to measurably improving aspects of mental fitness, like having a good memory or sound reasoning. “People would really love to believe you could do something like this and make your brain better, make your mind better," says Randall W. Engle, a primary investigator at the Attention and Working Memory Lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. "There's just no solid evidence."

(3) That's not to say brain games are without benefit. Experts say these kinds of mental exercises can change your brain- just not in a way that necessarily slows its aging. The brain changes with just about everything you do, including mental training exercises. But numerous studies have shown that brain games lack what researchers call “transfer." (In other words, repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it but not necessarily much else.)

(4)“It's like, you walk through fresh snow, you leave a trace. If you walk the same route again, the trace gets deeper and deeper," says Ursula Staudinger, director of the Butler Columbia Aging Center at Columbia University. "(The fact that structural changes occur [in the brain] does not imply that in general this brain has become more capable. It has become more capable of doing exactly the tasks it was practicing.”)

(5) Brain-game designers, not surprisingly, disagree. Michael Scanlon, chief scientific officer at Lumosity, a large brain-game company, refers to a 2007 study he led as support for his company's getting into the brain-game business in the first place. (“Our basic intention was to release a product that helps people improve cognitive abilities," he says.) Scanlon says the research, whichLumosity funded and conducted, found that online-based brain training can improve thinking. The small study of 23 people is one of several studies Lumosity has performed, though most have not been peer-reviewed.

(6) As the brain-game industry has grown-revenue topped $1 billion in 2012 and is projected to hit $6 billion by 2020, according to a report from neuroscience market-research firm Sharp Brains-so has the criticism. More than 70 prominent brain scientists and psychologists signed a withering statement on the subject last year. The open letter, organized by the Stanford Center on Longevity and covered by media outlets across the world, argued that claims on behalf of brain games about improved cognition were "frequently exaggerated and at times misleading." (The scientists also laid out criteria that the games would have to meet to convince them of their merit. It's a tough list.)

(7) Still, Staudinger allows that brain games do have the benefit of being fun-which may make them a worthwhile way for people of any age to spend time. There's no question that many consumers have become devoted to them. Lumosity, which offers some games free and a premium membership at a cost, says it reached 50 million members in 2013.

(8) The issue most scientists have with people playing the games frequently is the opportunity cost: you could be doing something else that actually would improve your cognitive ability. (Most researchers agree that the activity most clearly proven to slow aging in the brain is aerobic exercise). Other factors that sound scientific research has shown to help an aging brain include healthy dietary choices, regular meditation and learning new things.

(9) As brain games evolve and new, impartial research conducted, it's possible that the scientific consensus about their impact on the brain will change. But Engle doesn't think it's likely."I need fairly substantial evidence that it's not kind of a gimmick,"he says."I'm a scientist."

What might be the reason for some people to choose brain games?

Mary's father is ( ) whether or not to accept the new job that he's been offered.

David still suffered the ( ) of having been rejected for the army.

They ( ) around in the dark, trying to find their way out of the cinema.

This artificial fabric has the ( ) of silk.

Jane saw a mass of bodies ( ) round on the dance floor.

The government was accused of ( ) military operations against the regime.

How can you ( ) your fur coat and your love of animals?

When I was young and ( ) , I believed it was possible to change the world.

If the goods prove ( ), the customer has the right to claim compensation.

The fall of the Berlin Wall ( ) the end of the Cold War between East and West.

If children were made to feel ( ) to other children, their confidence declined.

The frequent policy changes in the company have created growing ( ) among employees.

No one knows whether a child's ( ) towards fatness is inherited or due to the food he eats.

He ( ) himself from hospital against the advice of doctors.

Such a ( ) proposal would never get through Parliament.