高级英语2009年1月真题试题及答案解析（00600）

新潮势利虽不是我们这个时代独有，却已经变得空前重要。理由很简单，完全是经济原因。由于有了现代化机器，生产超过了消费。消费者有组织的浪费是我们工业繁荣的先决条件。对生产者来说，消费者扔得越快越好、买得越快越好。当然，与此同时，生产者必须做出自己的贡献——只生产最容易用坏的东西。

我们的调查表明，当今没有哪家公司会通过面面俱到来取胜。

我怀疑晚间电视新闻中的内容有多少是真正可吸收和可理解的。

与过去相比，现在更多的女人更长久地保持年轻的外貌。从这一点看，这是一个成 功。

她以前从未这样想过，然而这解释了她为什么每周都要特意在同一时间离家的原 因。

Nowadays, an obsessive devotion to strenuous physical activity is a prominent feature of modern life. What do you think are the reasons?

她的脸色通红、呼吸急促，我意识到她发高烧了。

We see wilderness shrinking; rivers losing their capacity to sustain life; the air, even the stratosphere, being loaded with potentially deadly junk.

Freedom is a wide and risky river; it can drown the person who does not know how to swim across it. The more obligations one takes on, the more time one occupies, the less threat freedom poses.

Theologists may take the argument one step further. It is our modern irreligion, our lack of confidence in any hereafter, that makes us anxious to stretch our mortal stay as long as possible.

From a practically infinite array of opportunities, we select one that we don’t enjoy and can’t wait to have done with.

But I have a hunch there’s a further explanation of our (obsession with) exercise.

While jogging, all I can think about is jogging—or nothing. One advantage of jogging around a reservoir is that there’s no dry shortcut home.

And who can doubt, watching so many middle-aged and older persons torturing themselves (in the name of fitness),…

... to dodge a decision about how to lead his life or a realization that his life (is leading nowhere).

That person runs to escape the telephone or a (cranky) spouse or a filthy household.

The author ( ) that the earth we live on ( ) .

Some claim jogging is thought (conducive); others insist the scenery relieves the monotony.

People are concerned about the natural resources because ( ) .

The shortened work week ( ) .

According to theologists, people run because ( ) .

The author’s tone about the economists is ( ) .

Which of the following is true about a marketer?

Economists are likely to think that ( ) .

Which of the following is true?

How do some of the trotters feel about jogging?

Fear of Dearth (缺乏)

(1) I hate jogging. Every dawn, as I thud around New York City’s Central Park reservoir, I am reminded of how much I hate it. It’s so tedious. Some claim jogging is thought (conducive); others insist the scenery relieves the monotony. For me, the pace is wrong for contemplation of either ideas or vistas. While jogging, all I can think about is jogging—or nothing. One advantage of jogging around a reservoir is that there’s no dry shortcut home.

(2) From the listless looks of some fellow trotters, I guess I am not alone in my unenthusiasm: Bill-paying, it seems, would be about as diverting. Nonetheless, we continue to jog; more, we continue to choose to jog. From a practically infinite array of opportunities, we select one that we don’t enjoy and can’t wait to have done with. Why?

(3) For any trend, there are as many reasons as there are participants. This person runs to lower his blood pressure. That person runs to escape the telephone or a (cranky) spouse or a filthy household. Another person runs to avoid doing anything else, to dodge a decision about how to lead his life or a realization that his life is (leading nowhere). Each of us has his carrot and stick. In my case, the stick is my slackening physical condition, which keeps me from beating opponents at tennis whom I overwhelmed two years ago. My carrot is to win.

(4) Beyond these completely different reasons, however, lies a deeper cause. It is no accident that now, in the last third of the twentieth century, personal fitness and health have suddenly become a popular obsession. True, modern man likes to feel good, but that hardly distinguishes him from his predecessors.

(5) With amusingly ridiculous myopia (目光短浅), economists like to claim that the deeper cause of everything is economic. Delightfully, there seems no marketplace explanation for jogging. True, jogging is cheap, but then not jogging is cheaper. And the scant and simple equipment which jogging demands must make it a marketer’s least favored form of recreation.

(6)Some scout-masterish philosophers argue that the appeal of jogging and other body-maintenance programs is the discipline they afford. We live in a world in which individuals have fewer and fewer obligations. The work week has shrunk. Weekend worship is less compulsory. Technology gives us more free time. Satisfactorily filling free time requires imagination and effort. Freedom is a wide and risky river; it can drown the person who does not know how to swim across it. The more obligations one takes on, the more time one occupies, the less threat freedom poses. Jogging can become an instant obligation. For a portion of his day, the jogger is not his own man; he is obedient to a regimen he has accepted.

(7)Theologists may take the argument one step further. It is our modern irreligion, our lack of confidence in any hereafter, that makes us anxious to stretch our mortal stay as long as possible. We run, as the saying goes, for our lives, hounded by the suspicion that these are the only lives we are likely to enjoy.

(8) All of these theorists seem to me more or less right. As the growth of cults and charismatic religions and the resurgence of enthusiasm for the military draft suggest, we do crave commitment. And who can doubt, watching so many middle-aged and older persons torturing themselves (in the name of fitness), that we are unreconciled to death, more so perhaps than any generation in modern memory?

(9) But I have a hunch (预感) that there’s a further explanation of our (obsession with exercise). I suspect that what motivates us even more than a fear of death is a fear of dearth. Our era is the first to anticipate the eventual depletion of all natural resources. We see wilderness shrinking; rivers losing their capacity to sustain life; the air, even the stratosphere (同温层), being loaded with potentially deadly junk. We see the irreplaceable being squandered, and in the depths of our consciousness we are fearful that we are creating an uninhabitable world. We feel more or less helpless and yet, at the same time, desirous to protect what resources we can. We recycle soda bottles and restore old buildings and protect our nearest natural resource—our physical health—in the almost superstitious hope that such small gestures will help save an earth that we are damaging. Jogging becomes a sort of penance for our sins of gluttony, greed, and waste. Like a hairshirt or a bed of naril, the more one hates it, the more virtuous it makes one feel.

(10)That is why we jog.Why I jog is to win at tennis.

A research indicates that the highest current( )levels are now found not in the South but in older northern smokestack cities.

The( )headlights of the cars could be seen through the fog.

In 1908, perhaps disappointed with the rigidity of American art education at the time, she gave up painting and became a(n)( )artist, drawing advertising illustrations in Chicago.

In this complex process, those charged with drawing districts use( )computer technologies to come up with the most favorable district boundaries.

They searched for the most savage and( )beasts to put into the cages, from which the fiercest monster might be selected for the arena.

Nothing pleased him so much as to make the( ) straight, and crush down uneven places.

Those who( )a national culture respond that immigrant groups traditionally came to America precisely to put ethnic and religious strife behind them and to become Americans.

From this revival came black and white abstract nature forms in all shapes and sizes, the beginning of her highly( )style.

When it feeds, its huge tongue( )in and out of its tiny mouth.

It became clear that a good manager in today’s world must have courage and a strong sense of( ).

Feminist campaigns around the state effectively unmasked the unofficial( )culture of politicians, experts and administrators.

Eva was( )grateful for his expertise.

The crowded room was filled with lights, cameras, and( )reporters.

After his( )became widely known, he decided not to run for re-election.

It is a challenge to tell these separate stories without losing overall( ).

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25.He sees it as a place where American society( )to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.

26.Choosing a( )to cope with it, then, is the first decision young adults have to make, and usually the most important decision of their lifetime.

27.But I have seen at least two children lying dead in bed of( )in such cases, and feeling that I must get a diagnosis now or never I went at it again.

28.Similarly, suppose that a doctor does no wrong by withholding some treatment in order that ( )should come sooner rather than later.

29.Part of the problem is that women in America are much more brainwashed and ( ) with their roles as second-class citizens than blacks ever were.

30.I have tried often to search( )the sophistication of years for the enchantment I so easily found in those gifts.

31.He thrust his hand into the shoe and made careful excavations as though he had one( )scrap of paper in mind.

32.I rank pretty high when the company is ( )this way, because I’m not envious or disappointed, and I have no expectations.

33.Of course, her father had found out the( )and had forbidden her to have anything to say to him.

34.There is prejudice against the old by doctors and other medical( )who don’t like to bother with them.

35.I suppose she felt she couldn’t do her( ), and then you don’t enjoy things when you feel shabby.

36.He ran the comb straight back on both sides of his head, then( )the hair in front enough for one little lock to droop over his forehead.

37.Representatives of the factories had particular customers, and cheese was prepared by hand to suit the grocers, who( )precisely what their patrons wanted.

38.Some people said I was either a federal agent or a fool, for no reasonable man, they said, ( )to Watts by choice.

39.We have identified three distinct value( ), so called because each produces a different kind of customer value.

A.believes B.analyzed C.always D.part E.struggles

F.neglect G.profession H.knew I.between J.angry

K.member L.affair M.mussed N.behind O.particular

P.support Q.discuss R.strategy S.visualized

T.returns U.personnel V.disciplines W.death X.content

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Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a (1) of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in (2) with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is (3) , namely that it makes holidays much more delicious (4) they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to (5) his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time (6) an idle man could possibly find.Discussing the question, some time (7) , with an old friend, she gave me her never-failing (8) for sleeplessness, which was to imagine (9) performing some trivial (10) over and over again, until, her mind becoming disgusted with the monotony of life, (11) drew the curtain. Her favourite device was to imagine a picture not (12) quite plumb upon the wall, and then to proceed to straighten it.I believe that over a period of decades newspapers have become a (13) rather than a function. They have held their (14) so long that change has become (15) . I do not know, in fact, of any (16) that has changed as little in the last twenty years as the (17) press. And this resistance to change is the end of (18)—which, in turn, marks the end of usefulness.The key is to segment the market (19) . This enables the company to pitch (20) customers with specialized (21) that no other company can begin to (22). Example: One customer segment is the (23) profession. Cable & Wireless is developing features and functions that (24) tremendous appeal to lawyers.

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