高级英语2019年4月真题试题及答案解析（00600）

年龄稍大一些的工作女性的收入水平普遍低于男性。她们很多人只有在孩子长大后才在外面工作，所以只能从事非技术性的、低收入的工作。其他工作了一辈子的女性通常只能拿到低工资，以及相应较低的社会保障金和个人退休金。

我之所以给出所有这些背景资料，是因为我认为如果一个人不了解某个作家的早期发展，他就无法对这个作家的创作动机进行评估。

无论你可能得到多少，你总是想得到更多；满是一个你永远无法实现的梦想。

吸引并保持你的注意力是大部分电视节目策划的首要动机，它加强了电视作为有利可图的广告媒体的作用。节目策划人活在持续的恐惧中，担心失去任何一位观众的注意力。

我们突然间明白了，在我们所居住的犹如一艘小小的宇宙飞船的星球上，乘客数目大约每四十年翻一番。

连锁杂货店将独立商店挤了出去，标准化成为降低成本的主要手段。

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It was the best of times and the worst of times..."Her voice ____32____ in and curved down through and ____33____ the words. She was nearly singing. I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read? Or were there notes, music, lined on the pages, as in a ____34____ book? Her sounds began ____35____ gently. I knew from listening to a thousand preachers that she was nearing the end of her reading, and I hadn't really heard, heard to understand,a ____36____ word.

Watching the float so intently made him sleepy: he had been with Doreen ____37____ two the night before. They spoke of getting married in three months, by which time, Arthur said, they would have collected a good ____38____ of money, nearly a hundred and fifty pounds, not counting income-tax rebate, which will probably ____39____ it up to a couple of hundred. So they would be sitting pretty, Doreen replied, because Mrs.Creatton had already ____40____ to let them stay with her for as long as they like,____41____ half the rent. 

Work therefore is ____42____, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though ____43____ work is as nothing in ____44____ with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days.____45____ this advantage of work another is associated,____46____ that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. 

On the edge of a small cape that marked the side of the bay away from the promontory was a loose ____47____ of rocks. Above them, some boys were ____48____ off their clothes. They came running, naked, down to the rocks. The English boy swam  49 them, and kept his distance at a stone's ____50____. They were of that coast, all of them burned smooth ____51____ brown, and speaking a language he did not understand. To be with them, of them, was a craving that filled his whole body. 

I don't know what the European figures are. Much smaller ____52____. Europe is poor, and a face can cost as much in ____53____ as a Rolls-Royce. The most that the ____54____ of European women can do is just to wash and hope for the best. Perhaps the soap will produce its loudly advertised ____55____; perhaps it will transform them into the likeness of those ____56____ creatures who smile so rosily and creamily, so peachily and pearlily, from every hoarding.

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In what sense are young people important to their country?

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Giving its finding a close read might just help narrow today's generation gap so we can get on with improving all generations' prospects.

Almost six in ten believe you can get ahead with hard work and a similar number wants a society in which wealth is parceled out according to your achievement, not via the tax code or government redistribution of income.

In fact, when asked whether they want an economy managed by the free market or by the government, 64% want the former and just 32% want the latter.

Most strikingly, 34% of Millennials call themselves true independents, meaning they don't lean toward either party. For older Americans, it's just 10%.

To Millennials, being socially liberal is being liberal, period. For most older Americans, calling yourself liberal means you want to increase the size, scope, and spending of the government.

In Paragraph 9, the word"legitimacy"means ________.

The author's attitude toward Millennials is ________.

We can learn from Paragraph 10 that Boomers, Gen Xers and Millennials all agree that in recent years the American economy ________.

Unlike Baby Boomers and Gen Xers, ________.

When you look into Millennial"socialists" more deeply you will find that ________.

In Paragraph 7,the word"disparity"means ________.

When Millennials call themselves liberal, they mean that ________.

We can learn from Paragraph 4 that ________.

In Paragraph 2, the word"uncomprehending"means ________.

(1)Fifty years ago, baby boomers and their parents suffered through what was ubiquitously understood as"the generation gap", or the inability for different generations to speak clearly with one another.

(2)A new national poll of Americans between the ages of 18 and 29-the millennial generation- provides strong evidence of a new generation gap, this time with the boomers (born between 1946 and 1964) playing the role ofuncomprehendingparents. When Millennials say they are liberal, it means something very different than it did when Barack Obama was coming of age. When Millennials say they are socialists, they're not participating in ostalgie for the old German Democratic Republic. And their strong belief in economic fairness shouldn't be confused with the attitudes of the Occupy movement.

(3)The poll of Millennials was conducted by the Reason Foundation and the Rupe Foundation earlier this spring. It engaged nearly 2,400 representative 18 to 29 year olds on a wide variety of topics.

(4)This new generation gap certainly helps to explain why Millennials are far less partisan than folks 30 and older. Just 22% of Millennials identify as Republican or Republican-leaning,compared with 40% of older voters. After splitting their votes for George E.Bush and Al Gore in 2000 (each candidate got about 48%), Millennials have voted overwhelmingly for Democratic candidates in the 2004, 2008, and 2012 elections. Forty-three percent of Millennials call Democrats or leaning that way. Yet that's still a smaller percentage than it is for 49% of whom are Democrats or lean Democrats. Most strikingly, 34% of Millennials call themselves true independents, meaning they don't lean toward either party. For older Americans,it's just 10%.

(5)Millennials use language differently than Boomers and Gen Xers (born between 1965 and 1980). In the Reason-Rupe poll, about 62% of Millennials call themselves liberal. By that, they mean they favor gay marriage and pot legalization but those views hold little or no on government spending. To Millennials, being socially liberal is being liberal, period. For most older Americans calling yourself a liberal means you want to increase the size, scope, and spending of the government( it may not even mean you support legal pot and marriage equality). Despite the strong liberal tilt among Millennials, 53% say they would support a candidate who was socially liberal and fiscally conservative (are you listening? Major parities).

(6)There are other areas where languages don not track neatly with Boomer and Gen X definitions. Millennials have no first-hand memories of the Soviet Union or the Cold War. Forty-two percent a means of organizing society but only 16% can define the term properly as government ownership of the means of production. In fact, when asked whether they want an economy managed by the free market or by the government, 64% want the former and just 32% want the latter. Scratch a Millennial "socialist" and you are likely to find a budding entrepreneur(55% saying they want to start their own business someday). Although they support a government-provided social safety net, two-thirds of Millennials agree that "government is usually inefficient and wasteful" and they are highly skeptical toward government with regards to privacy and nanny-state regulations about e-cigarettes, soda sizes, and the like.

(7) For all the attention lavished on the youthful, ant-capitalist Occupy movements a few years ago ,it turns out that Millennials have strongly positive attitudes toward free markets (just don't call it capitalism). Not surprisingly, they define fairness in a way that is less about incomedisparityand more about getting your due. Almost six in ten believe you can get ahead with hard work and a similar number wants a society in which wealth is parceled out according to your achievement, not via the tax code or government redistribution of income. Even though 70% favor guaranteed health care, housing, and income, Millennials have no problem with unequal outcomes. 

(8)Like most older Americans, too, Millennials are deeply worried about massive and growing federal budgets and debt, with 78% calling such things a major problem. 

(9)It would be a real shame if we can't have the sorts of conversations we need to address and remedy such issues because different generations are talking past each other. Millennials are different than Boomers or Gen Xers: Culture comes first and politics second to them. They are less partisan and they are less hung up about things such as pot use, gay marriage, and immigration. But in many ways, they agree with older generations when it comes to the value andlegitimacyof work, the role of government in helping the poor, and the inefficiency of government to do that.

(10)Everyone agrees that there are crises everywhere: Social Security and Medicare are going bust and the economy has been on life support for years. The best solutions will engage and involve Americans of all ages. The Reason-Rupe poll points to some places where generations are talking past each other and others where there is wide agreement. Giving its finding a close read might just help narrow today's generation gap so we can get on with improving all generations' prospects. 

The number-one principle for being a good colleague is to ________ your emotions from the working relationship.

The Civil Rights Act was needed to ________ some ethnic groups.

In the end she left home just to escape the ________ rule of her mother.

He wrote to me last week regarding a business ________ he thought might interest me.

Some people in the West are ________ spilling salt on the table.

Turkey is expecting an ________ of several thousand refugees over the next few days.

It's a minor earthquake. There were no injuries and the damage to the building was ________.

One of the many ________ of foreign travel is learning how to cope with the unexpected.

He suggested a card game to relieve the ________ of the journey.

Some pessimists hold that true independent advice is ________ .A. reliable

The endless public appearances are an inevitable part of an election ________.

She is ________ the brightest star of British ballet.

Dad will be angry if you ________ him while he is reading.

I find it hard to ________ that women were treated so unfairly a hundred years ago.

The number of staff we can take on will be ________ by how much money we're allowed to spend.