综合英语(二)2015年4月真题试题及答案解析(00795)

TOPIC: What is your understanding of Uculture shock"?

Use the outline given below.

■ Define culture shock.

■ Explain the causes and symptoms.

■ Give your advice.

他责怪他的父母对他缺乏信心，这是没有道理的。

我理所当然地认为她会被外派到国外学习。

许多大学毕业生只想找高收入的工作，这使得就业变得更难。

我们必须根据新的形势及其需要来制定工作计划。

他是一个可信赖的人，一个你有麻烦时可求助的人。

We can_______forgive a child who is afraid of the dark; the real tragedy of life is when men are afraid of the light. (easy)

The teacher has made a few______to the seating plan of the class. (adjust)

Tom thinks that he has been so_______that no chances have fallen on him.(lucky)

_______is the language which the deaf can hear and the blind can see. (kind)

Outwardly she looked confident, but in______she felt extremely nervous. (real)

A well-ordered life is like climbing a tower; the view_______up is better than the view from the base. (way, half)

With a wave of his hand, the_______made the rabbit vanish. (magic)

I believe that fresh air is_______to your health. (benefit)

Sometimes the heart sees what is _______to the eye. (visible)

A really bad cold pulls you down and leaves you feeling very_______. (misery)

What can be learned about Asian women compared with Western women?

What can governments do to deal with the decline of marriage in Asian countries?

Which of the following is closest in meaning to“drudgery”in Paragraph 4?

What contributes to the decline of marriage in Asian countries?

Passage 2

In most of Asia，marriage is widespread and illegitimacy (未婚生育)almost unknown. In contrast, half of marriages in some Western countries end in divorce, and half of all children are born outside marriage.Yet marriage is changing fast in Asia. What’s happening there is a flight from marriage. More and more Asians choose to remain unmarried because they are unwilling to get hitched. In fact, a lot of them are not marrying at all. So far, the trend has not affected Asia’s two giants, China and India. But it is likely to, as the economic factors that have driven it elsewhere in Asia sweep through those two countries as well.Women are retreating from marriage as they go into the workplace. That’s partly because, for a woman, being both employed and married is tough in Asia.Women there are the primary caregivers for husbands, children and, often, for ageing parents; and even when in full-time employment, they are expected to continue to play this role. This is true elsewhere in the world, but the burden that Asian women carry is particularly heavy. Japanese women, who typically work 40 hours a week in the office, then do, on average, another 30 hours of housework.Their husbands, on average, do three hours. Not surprisingly, Asian women have anunusually pessimistic view of marriage.At the same time as employment makes marriage tougher for women, it offers them an alternative. More women are financially independent, so more of them can pursue a single life that may appeal more than the drudgery of a traditional marriage. More education has also contributed to the decline of marriage, because Asian women with the most education have always been the most reluctant to wed.The flight from marriage in Asia is thus the result of the greater freedom that women enjoy these days, which is to be celebrated. But it is also creating social problems. Compared with the West, Asian countries have invested less in pensions and other forms of social protection, on the assumption that the family will look after ageing or ill relatives. That can no longer be taken for granted. The decline of marriage is also contributing to the collapse in the birth rate. That is beginning to cause huge demographic problems，as populations age with startling speed. And there are other less obvious issues. Less marriage might mean more crime.Can marriage be revived in Asia? Maybe, if expectations of those roles of both sexes change, but shifting traditional attitudes is hard. Governments cannot legislate away popular prejudices. They can, though, encourage change. Relaxing divorce laws might, paradoxically, boost marriage. Women who now steer clear of marriage might be more willing to tie the knot if they know it can be untied—not just because they can get out of the marriage if it doesn’t work, but also because their freedom to leave might keep their husbands on their toes. Family law shouldgive divorced women a more generous share of the coupled assets. Governments should also legislate to get employers to offer both maternal and paternal leave,and provide or subsidize child care. If taking on such expenses helped promote family life, it might reduce the burden on the state of looking after the old.Asian govemments have long taken the view that the superiority of their family life was one of their big advantages over the West. That confidence is no longer warranted. They need to wake up to the huge social changes happening in their countries and think about how to cope with the consequences.

What is the writer’s prediction about marriage in China and India?

What role did the doctor play in Robbie’s life?

Which of the following is closest in meaning to “cajoled”in Paragraph 7?

Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

Fortunately, as the new semester gets under way, my courses begin to interest me.

What was the nanator’s impression of the doctor after some talking?

Passage 1

For 28 years I drove a New York City taxi. Now, if you were to ask me what I had for breakfast yesterday, I probably couldn’t tell you. But the memory of one fare is so vivid. I’ll remember it all my days.It was a sunny spring morning. I was cruising down York Avenue looking for a customer. A well-dressed man reached the cab and jumped in. “LaGuardia Airport, please,” he said.As always, I wondered about my passenger. Was this guy a talker, a mummy, a newspaper reader? After a few moments, he started a conversation. “How do you like driving a cab?””I make a living and meet interesting people sometimes. But if I could get a job making $100 a week more, I’d take it—just like you would.” His reply intrigued me. “I would not change jobs if it meant I had to take a cut of a hundred a week.” I’d never heard anyone say such a thing. “What do you do?” “I’m in the neurology department at New York Hospital.”I’ve always been curious about people, and I’ve tried to learn what I couldfrom them. Many times during long rides, I’d developed a rapport with my passengers—and quite often I’d received very good advice from accountants,lawyers, and plumbers. Maybe it was that this fellow clearly loved his work; maybe it was just the pleasant mood of a spring morning. But I decided to ask for his help.“Could I ask a big favor of you?” He didn’t answer. “I have a son, 15, a good kid.He’s doing well in school. He wants a job. But a 15-year-old can’t get hired unless his old man knows someone who owns a business, and I don’t.” I paused. “Is there any possibility that you might get him some kind of a summer job—even if he doesn’t get paid?” He still wasn’t talking, and I was starting to feel foolish. Finally,at the airport, he said, “Well, the medical students have a summer research project. Maybe he could fit in. Have him send me his school record.”He scribbled something and paid me. It was the last time I ever saw him.That evening, sitting with my family, I pulled the scrap from my pocke.“Robbie,” I announced proudly, ‘"this could be a summer job for you.” He read it outloud:“Fred Pium, N.Y. Hosp.”Is this a joke?” said Robbie.After I nagged, cajoled, yelled, and finally threatened to cut off his allowance, Robbie sent off his grades the next morning. But gradually the incident was forgotten.Two weeks later, when I arrived home from work, my son was beaming. He handed me a letter addressed to him. Robbie got the job. The white lab coat he wore made him feel a lot more important than he really was as he followed Dr. Plum around the hospital, doing minor tasks for him. The following summer, Robbie worked at the hospital again. He was given more responsibility. As high school graduation neared, Dr. Plum was kind enough to write letters of recommendation for college. Much to our delight, Robbie was accepted at Brown University. Robbie worked at the hospital for a third summer and gradually developed a love of the medical profession. He applied to medical school, and Dr. Plum again wrote letters. Robbie was admitted to New York Medical College.Some might call it fate, and I guess it was. But it shows you that big opportunities can come out of ordinary encounters—even something as ordinary as a taxi ride.

What was the narrator’s habit as a taxi driver?

The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of finding strength in its vitality.

There was a crash that made all the most violent crashes of his past life seem like the sound of falling dust.

I began to dread Aunt Carrie’s formerly most welcome visits.

And yet, we are also separate individuals. We must come to terms with our struggles alone.

Intellectually, we must admit, he was not of much importance.

The book exploded into the public consciousness.

I may not do anything else for you this year, but not one of you is going to come out of here [the school] a nobody.

I have got heaps of old clothes at home—do you think he would care for any of them?

Assignments are thus felt to be given added weight by the passage of time.

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Shoe is a covering for the foot. Shoes have a  16   , and most shoes also have a heel. The upper part of most shoes extends no  17   than the ankle. Boots are footwear that reaches beyond the ankLe. People wear shoes in order to   18  their feet from the environment, sharp objects, and uncomfortable surfaces.Fashion often determines shoe styles. Tlie desire to be   19  has led to unusual styles. Many European men of the 1300’s wore shoes with an extremely long toe. Sometimes the long toe had to be fastened to the knee with a chain so that the   20  would not trip.Most shoes are made of leather. Other shoe materials include canvas, velvet, and such   21  substances as plastics. Materials and styles  22   somewhat, depending on climate, custom, and other   23 . For example, to keep their feet dry from the  24  ground, many farmers in the Netherlands wear heavy wooden shoes.No one knows   25  people first began to wear shoes. The first foot coverings worn in cold regions were probably baglike wrappings made of animal fur. The first known footwear used in   26   surroundings consisted of sandals made of plant fibers or leather. The ancient Egyptians wore such sandals   27   3700 B.C., and the ancient Greeks and Romans also wore sandals. In China, people wore cloth shoes thousands of years ago.Throughout   28  , people have worn shoes not only for protection but also for decoration and to  29  social status. Shoe styles have gone  30  and out of fashion, just as they do today. For example, the fashion in womens shoes changed to rounded toes in the 1500’s，low heels by the late 1500’s，and high heels in the 1600’s.

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“I’m sorry. I can’t make it because of a _______ engagement, but thanks anyway for inviting me.”

Because he no longer reads the journals, he is_____of the latest developments in the field.

All cars made nowadays are________with safety belts and other gadgets to deal with every possible incident.

The donors insist that the money should be used for the______of the poor.

The parents told their kids to stay in their own room and they did_______.

Any assistance you give the police will be greatly_______.

______should not become a big disadvantage in his work as an accountant.

Since both proposals cost too much, the investors like______of them.

Complete the form, copy it and send the_______to your employer.

_______he heard he was going to be promoted to Chief Financial Officer.

The applicants________are required to bring with them all the necessary papers.

Johnson, along with his friends, _______the disabled in his neighborhood do the housework once a week.

There are some children _______behavior is generally unacceptable in this school.

I wouldn’t have gone there if I _______that the exhibition was closed.

It is rather hot in the ronm. They ________have turned off the air conditioner a few hours ago.