自考英语国家概况2012年7月真题及答案解析
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“Great Compromise”of 1787
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Halloween
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Thatcherism
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Domesday Book
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What is partly the reason for New Zealand to have changeable weather and to be often windy?
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Which is Australia’s largest lake?
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What kind of system is the American economy based on?
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Why did the population of Ireland decrease from the 1840s until about 1970?
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What are the two most important provinces in Canada?
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What are the major racial and ethnic minorities in the United States?
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What is Emerson’s view of man and nature?
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What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots, Welshand Irish?
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What was the impact of the Wars of the Roses on feudalism in England?
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What is the main function of the House of Lords?
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The first European to visit New Zealand was______.
- A.Abel Tasman
- B.Captain James Cook
- C.Christopher Columbus
- D.Amerigo Vespucci
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Which of the following states in Australia is known as the garden state?
- A.Queensland
- B.New South Wales
- C.Tasmania
- D.Victoria
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The______is a national symbol in New Zealand.
- A.kiwi
- B.native owl
- C.tuatara
- D.lizard
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______is famous for its art festival.
- A.Sydney
- B.Melbourne
- C.Adelaide
- D.Brisbane
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It was______who established the first French settlement in Quebec City in 1608.
- A.Henry Hudson
- B.John Cabot
- C.Jacques Cartier
- D.Samuel de Champlain
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Although Australia has a large area, ______of the continent is hot and dry.
- A.one third
- B.two thirds
- C.half
- D.more than half
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From east to west ten provinces and two territories in Canada can be dividedinto______geographical regions.
- A.four
- B.five
- C.six
- D.seven
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Which of the following is NOT one of the Prairie Provinces in Canada?
- A.Manitoba
- B.British Columbia
- C.Saskatchewan
- D.Alberta
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______was the first American writer who gained international fame.
- A.Washington Irving
- B.Benjamin Franklin
- C.Nathaniel Hawthorne
- D.Mark Twain
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Who was the first English king to bring all Ireland under English control?
- A.Henry II
- B.Henry Ⅲ
- C.Henry Ⅷ
- D.James II
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The most significant feature of Irish landscape is______.
- A.lakes
- B.bogs
- C.low ridges
- D.rivers
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Theodore Dreiser was the literary representative of American______.
- A.Romanticists
- B.Transcendentalists
- C.Modernists
- D.Naturalists
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______ is the largest single source of goods imported by the United States.
- A.Canada
- B.Australia
- C.Asia
- D.Latin America
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According to the U.S. News & World Report and other journals’ evaluation, ______ on the west coast are the best research universities.
- A.Harvard and Yale
- B.Princeton and Columbia
- C.California and MIT
- D.Stanford and Berkley
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The writers of the Constitution worked out______in order to prevent thegovernment from misusing its power.
- A.the Declaration of Independence
- B.the Bill of Rights
- C.the“winner-take-air system
- D.checks and balances
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On Independence Day, some people bring their children to visit the birth placeof the nation—_______.
- A.Washington D. C.
- B.New York City
- C.Philadelphia
- D.Boston
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The presidential term in the U.S. is four years beginning on______.
- A.November 20
- B.November 12
- C.January 12
- D.January 20
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The American policy towards the Soviet Union after the Second World Warwas______.
- A.cooperation
- B.neutrality
- C.containment
- D.impartiality
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On April 30 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in______whichhoused the first American government.
- A.New York
- B.Washington
- C.Philadelphia
- D.Boston
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After the Vietnam War, the contradiction between Congress and the Executiveresulted in the passage of______.
- A.the Smith Act
- B.the War Power Act
- C.the Civil Rights Act
- D.the Voting Rights Act
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Which war turned out to be the longest war the U.S. fought?
- A.The Korean War
- B.The World War II
- C.The World War I
- D.The Vietnam War
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_____ was a full-scale, anti-Communist hysteria in the United States in the1950s.
- A.Free Speech Movement
- B.The Progressive Movement
- C.The Civil Rights Movement
- D.McCarthyism
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The real purpose of the Marshal Plan is______.
- A.to prevent Greece and Turkey from falling into the hands of the Soviet Union
- B.to support any country which said it was fighting against Communism
- C.to help Western Europe recover from the Great Depression
- D.to prevent Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion
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In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose_____ astheir next president who promised a “new deal”to get America out of the depression.
- A.Theodore Roosevelt
- B.Franklin D. Roosevelt
- C.Woodrow Wilson
- D.Herbert C. Hoover
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In the Second World War American diplomacy largely was American diplomacy towards______.
- A.Germany and Italy
- B.Germany and Japan
- C.Britain and the Soviet Union
- D.Britain and France
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Which of the following is NOT the main cause for the American government to declare war on Germany in the World War I?
- A.Germany refused to give up its submarine warfare.
- B.Germany tried to get Mexico into the war against the United States.
- C.Germany promised Mexico the return of lost territory of Texas.
- D.Japan launched the bombing of the Pearl Harbor.
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The great international influence of______is that the colonies in SpanishAmerica rose up one after another to overthrow Spanish colonial rule.
- A.the American Civil War
- B.the Vietnam War
- C.the American War of Independence
- D.the Korean War
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In the early 1850s with the Westward Movement, the_____issue became aserious political issue because it might tip the balance of power in the Senate.
- A.slavery
- B.immigration
- C.territory
- D.Indian
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The place where Christopher Columbus landed was______.
- A.India
- B.the islands in Asia
- C.the current territory of America
- D.the islands in the now West Indies
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The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. is______.
- A.the Indians
- B.the Japanese
- C.the Chinese
- D.the Blacks
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Snooker is thought to have been invented by______.
- A.Sir Winston Churchill
- B.Sir Neville Chamberlain
- C.Sir Charlie Chamberlain
- D.Sir John Churchill
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There is no Ministry of Justice in the United Kingdom. General responsibilitylies with the following EXCEPT_______.
- A.the Lord Chancellor
- B.the Home Secretary
- C.the Attorney General
- D.the Prime Minister
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_______provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full range of medicalservices. It has become available in Britain since 1948.
- A.The Social Security Benefits
- B.The National Health Service
- C.The Civil Service
- D.The National Insurance Fund
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In summer there are open-air theatres, including one in London’s Regent’s Park, where_____are performed.
- A.William Shakespeare’s plays
- B.Christopher Marlowe’s plays
- C.Ben Johnson’s plays
- D.George Bernard Shaw's plays
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The Sovereign’s coronation takes place at______in London.
- A.Westminster Abbey
- B.Canterbury Abbey
- C.York Abbey
- D.Northanger Abbey
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In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the second largest number of seatin the House of Commons becomes______.
- A.the official Opposition
- B.the leading party
- C.the predominant party
- D.the“shadow cabinet”
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The______is made up of statute law, common law and conventions.
- A.British Constitution
- B.American Constitution
- C.Commonwealth law
- D.European Community law
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Which of the following about UK’s monarchy is NOT true?
- A.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.
- B.There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom.
- C.Today the Queen holds the real power in UK.
- D.The continuity of the monarchy has been broken only once.
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The First World War was fought between two European power blocs: the “Central Powers" and the "Allies". The "Allies” include the following EXCEPT ______.
- A.Britain
- B.France
- C.Russia
- D.Austria-Hungary
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In 1982, the Falkland Islands War broke out between Britain and_____.
- A.Argentina
- B.Brazil
- C.Peru
- D.Chile
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Elizabeth I reigned England, Wales and Ireland for_____years and remained single.
- A.25
- B.30
- C.40
- D.45
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______was the forerunner of the Conservative Party.
- A.The Liberal Party
- B.The Whigs
- C.The Tories
- D.The Labor Party
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After the Wars of the Roses the rule of______began.
- A.the Plantagenet
- B.the Yorkists
- C.the Stuarts
- D.the Tudors
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According to Magna Carta no tax should be made without the approval of______.
- A.the House of Lords
- B.the King
- C.the Grand Council
- D.the House of Commons
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_______, a dramatist and poet, is generally regarded as the greatest writer in theEnglish language.
- A.Charles Dickens
- B.Christopher Marlowe
- C.William Shakespeare
- D.Charlotte Bronte
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After the Restoration, British Parliament passed a series of severe laws called theClarendon Code against the______, now known as Nonconformists.
- A.Christians
- B.Protestants
- C.Puritans
- D.Catholics
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After the Glorious Revolution came the Age of the______, a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament.
- A.Commonwealth
- B.Constitutional Monarchy
- C.English colonial expansion
- D.Hereditary Monarchy
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Which of the following statements is NOT true about Alfred?
- A.Alfred the Great started the English navy.
- B.Alfred the Great reorganized the Saxon army, making it more efficient.
- C.Alfred the Great established schools and formulated a legal system.
- D.Alfred the Great imposed a tax, called the Danegeld, on the Saxons.
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The Romans remained in control of Britain for nearly______years.
- A.600
- B.500
- C.400
- D.200
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Which of the following is NOT a geographical name of Britain?
- A.The United Kingdom
- B.Great Britain
- C.England
- D.The British Isles