自考英语国家概况2010年7月真题及答案解析

Boston Tea Party

the Great Depression

the Great Charter (1215)

Why is Ireland also called the Emerald Isle?

What are many Maori people determined to do with Maoritanga?

the Black Death

What does the Outback usually refer to?

How many geographical regions are there in Canada? What are they?

What mechanism did the writers of the American Constitution introduce to provide safeguards?

Why were American children awarded the 1965 Nobel Peace Prize?

What is the “winner-take-all” system?

What is the significance of the expulsion of the English from France?

What is the peculiar feature of the feudal system of England?

Who is directly responsible for the NHS in Britain?

Since 1945 the Canadian government has adopted a policy of_______.

• A.free immigration
• B.selected immigration
• C.restricted immigration
• D.encouraging immigration

In Australia, _______is better known as the Great Dividing Range.

• A.the Eastern Highlands
• B.the Great Western Plateau
• C.the Central Eastern Lowlands
• D.the Red Centre

In Australia, the hot, dry environment has a great influence on the following EXCEPT_______.

• A.population distribution
• B.plants
• C.animals
• D.the built environment

Who was the first European to discover Canada?

• A.John Cabot.
• B.Abel Tasman.
• C.Samuel de Champlain.
• D.James Cook.

In the years that followed the Land Wars the basic philosophy of race relations became _______, rather than Maori self-determination.

• A.assimilation
• B.alienation
• C.disassimilation
• D.subjugation

In 1931 by_______Canada was formally declared to be a sovereign nation and became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.

• A.the Act of Union
• B.the Statute of Westminster
• C.the British North American Act
• D.the Constitution Act

Under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Britain established _______with dominion status in Ireland in 1921.

• A.the Anglican Church of Ireland
• B.the Irish Free State
• C.the Irish Republican Army
• D.Fianna Fail

New Zealand is just_______ of the International Date Line, so it is the first country to get the new day.

• A.south
• B.west
• C.east
• D.north

Ireland is unique among European countries for_______.

• A.its small population
• B.its beautiful scenery
• C.its excessive rainfall
• D.its century-long population decline

In the year 1845, _______marked the end of one era and the beginning of another in the social history of Ireland.

• A.the Great Famine
• B.Enclosure
• C.the Black Death
• D.the English Renaissance

_______ embodies Thomas Jefferson’s belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal.

• A.The community college
• B.The vocational college
• C.The junior college
• D.The public college

The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in_______.

• A.1788
• B.1789
• C.1790
• D.1791

Which is NOT the power of the President of the United States?

• A.He shares certain lawmaking powers with Congress.
• B.He is the Commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
• C.He can determine whether legislation conforms to the Constitution.
• D.He can give reprieves and pardons in federal criminal cases.

Under _______to the United States Constitution, _______ takes the responsibility for education.

• A.the Tenth Amendment, the federal government
• B.the Thirteenth Amendment, the state
• C.the Tenth Amendment, the state
• D.the Thirteenth Amendment, the federal government

In _______masterpieces, Leaves of Grass, he praised the ideas of equality and democracy and celebrated the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man.

• A.T.S. Eliot’s
• B.Walt Whitman’s
• C.Theodore Dreiser’s
• D.Ralph Waldo Emerson’s

Which of the following is NOT associated with Halloween?

• A.“Trick or treat”.
• B.“Spring Break”.
• C.A night-time children’s holiday.
• D.Pumpkin lanterns.

The American economy is characterized by a high degree of _______.

• A.free-market economy with a dominant public sector
• B.planned economy
• C.monopoly
• D.government involvement of economy

The slave system was formally ended by________in 1863 and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865.

• A.the Bill of Rights
• B.the first ten Amendments
• C.Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation
• D.the Articles of Confederation

After the_______, the United States replaced France and became the main force in providing aid for the South Vietnam government.

• A.Paris Conference
• B.Geneva Conference
• C.Yalta Conference
• D.Teheran Conference

On June 5, 1947, _____suggested that the U.S. should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.

• A.George Marshall
• B.Franklin D. Roosevelt
• C.George Kennan
• D.Harry Truman

President Truman on March 21, 1947 issued an executive order, initiating a comprehensive investigation of the loyalty of all federal employees. This was the beginning of _____.

• A.McCarthyism
• B.cleating out Soviet spies
• C.widespread persecution of Communists and progressive people
• D.persecution of federal employees

Which of the following did NOT account for President Theodore Roosevelt’s contributions?

• A.The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906.
• B.The active use of the Sherman Antitrust Act.
• C.The withdrawal of 200 million acres of public land as forest reserve.
• D.The passage of the Federal Reserve Act.

As a result of_____, the United States had changed from a debtor nation to a creditor.

• A.the First World War
• B.the Second World War
• C.the War of Independence
• D.the Civil War

The Progressive Movement refers to a number of diverse efforts at_____ reforms.

• A.political, social, and economic
• B.political, educational, and social
• C.political, religious, and social
• D.educational, religious, and economic

Faced with the serious economic crisis, the _____ administration refused to take strong government action to soften the effects of the Great Depression.

• A.Hoover
• B.Roosevelt
• C.Wilson
• D.Truman

After_____, the United States saw great developments in industry, agriculture, science and technology, and population.

• A.the Civil War
• B.the War of Independence
• C.the Vietnam War
• D.the Second World War

_____is a clear explanation of the political theory behind the revolution and this theory came from the British philosopher John Locke.

• A.The Articles of Confederation
• B.The American Constitution
• C.The Declaration
• D.The Bill of Rights

On April 6, 1789, George Washington was elected the President of America and took the oath of office in_____.

• A.Washington D.C.
• B.Philadelphia
• C.Boston
• D.New York

________is the most popular sport in England and in Europe.

• A.Rugby
• B.Tennis
• C.Snooker
• D.Football

The Open University is a non-residential university based in the new town of________.

• A.Milton Keynes
• B.Glasgow
• C.Edinburgh
• D.Cambridge

From 1980 to 1989, the population between the age of 25 and 44 increased by 28.1% in America because_____.

• A.those who were born during the period of large inflow of immigrants reached this age bracket
• B.those who were born after the World War Ⅱ reached this age bracket
• C.those who were born during the World WarⅠreached this age bracket
• D.those who were born before the World War Ⅱ reached this age bracket

Established Churches in Britain are________.

• A.the Church of England and the Church of Wales
• B.the Church of Wales and the Church of Scotland
• C.the Anglican Churches
• D.the Church of England and the Church of Scotland

________appeal to people wanting news of more entertaining character in Britain.

• A.Popular newspapers
• B.Quality newspapers
• C.“Mid-market” newspapers
• D.Daily newspapers

Margaret Thatcher believed in the following EXCEPT________.

• A.self-reliance
• B.the strengthening of trade unions
• C.privatization
• D.the use of monetary policies to control inflation

The Witan, the basis of the Privy Council was created by________.

• A.the Celts
• B.the Anglo-Saxons
• C.the Normans
• D.the Romans

Which of the following is NOT one of the members of the Lords Temporal in the House of Lords?

• A.All hereditary peers and peeresses of England, Scotland, Great Britain andthe United Kingdom.
• B.Life peers created to assist the House in its judicial duties.
• C.Senior bishops of the Church of England.
• D.All other life peers.

In Britain, the election of ________returned the________ to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain.

• A.1979, Conservative Party
• B.1983, Labor Party
• C.1979, Liberal Democrats
• D.1983, Democratic Party

The House of Commons is headed by________.

• A.the Prime Minister
• B.the Speaker
• C.the Lord Chancellor
• D.the Monarch

As a result of the First World War settlement, the ______was established.

• A.League of Nations
• B.British Commonwealth
• C.British East India Company
• D.United Nations

After William and Mary were crowned jointly in Westminster Abbey on theiracceptance of the Bill of Rights, the age of_______ began.

• A.monarchy
• B.constitutional monarchy
• C.capitalism
• D.federal government

Real religious Change came in Edward Ⅵ’s time. People call his switch to______ theology “the Reformation”.

• A.Puritan
• B.Protestant
• C.Catholic
• D.Christian

The English Civil War has been seen as a conflict between________.

• A.the Commons and the Lords
• B.the King and the Barons
• C.the Parliament and the King
• D.the Crown and the Church

It was during the reign of______that the name Great Britain came into being in 1707.

• A.E1izabethⅠ
• B.Henry Ⅷ
• C.CharlesⅠ
• D.Anne

For electoral purposes Britain is divided into ______ constituencies, each of whichhas ______ representative(s) in Parliament.

• A.651, one
• B.561, two
• C.651, two
• D.561, one

The Wars of the Roses broke out shortly after ______.

• A.the Black Death
• B.the Watt Tyler’s Uprising
• C.the Hundred Years’ War
• D.the Glorious Revolution

Many hundreds of rebels were put to death by______ as he passed triumphantly with an army of 40, 000 men through Kent and Essex.

• A.King Henry Ⅱ
• B.King Richard
• C.King John
• D.King Edward Ⅲ

At about 700 BC, ______began to arrive in England from eastern and central Europe, now France, Belgium and southern Germany.

• A.the Celts
• B.the Beaker Folk
• C.the Romans
• D.the Anglo-Saxons

______made a treaty with the Danes allowing them to keep the northern and eastern parts of England, which later became known as the Danelaw.

• A.King Ethelred
• B.King Alfred
• C.King Edward
• D.King Harold

The names such as Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday came from______.

• A.Christianity
• B.Teutonic religion
• C.Druidism
• D.Catho1icism

Christianity was first brought to England by______.

• A.the Romans
• B.the Celts
• C.the Anglo-Saxons
• D.the Danes