自考英语国家概况2010年4月真题及答案解析

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the New Deal
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English feudal system
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the U.S. two-party system
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What is Maoritanga?
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What was the consequence of the the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?
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the House of Commons
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Why does Great Britain have the greatest influence upon Australia?
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What are Conglomerates in the USA?
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Where is the name“Canada”believed to have come from?
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When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?
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What foreign policy did the American government pursue in the early 1930s?
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Who has the power to declare war and make peace in the U.K.?
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What are the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?
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What is the Magna Carta also known as?
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A chain of mountains runs almost the whole length of South Island in New Zealand. The highest peak is___________.
- A.Mt Ruapehu
- B.Mt Cook
- C.Mt Ngaurohoe
- D.Mt Tongariro
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One of the four unusual demographic features of Ireland is___________.
- A.an early marriage age
- B.an excess of males in the population
- C.a low proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages
- D.a high birthrate compounded by a century of emigration
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Migration in Ireland declined sharply___________.
- A.during WWI
- B.in recent years
- C.in the early decades of the 20th century
- D.after the establishment of the Irish Free State
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The only native mammals in New Zealand are___________.
- A.rabbits
- B.bats
- C.opossums
- D.goats
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The Australian political division borders are drawn___________.
- A.along straight lines of latitude and longitude
- B.along rivers and forests
- C.along mountain ranges
- D.along natural features
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The first Australian colony, established by Britain in 1788 and called the premier state, is ___________ .
- A.Victoria
- B.Tasmania
- C.Queensland
- D.New South Wales
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Which of the following about Canada in World War I is NOT true?
- A.It founded its navy to enter World War I.
- B.It took a seat as a member of the League of Nations.
- C.It won the right to sign the Peace Treaty of 1919 in its own name.
- D.It has found its place among the nations of the world since World War I.
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Generally speaking, Canada can be divided into___________ geographical regions.
- A.three
- B.four
- C.five
- D.six
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Which of the following statements about Australia is true?
- A.It is the world’s fifth largest country and is surrounded by sea.
- B.It is the smallest and the only continent that contains only one country.
- C.It is a continent that contains only Australia and New Zealand.
- D.It is the world’s smallest continent and the world’s fourth largest country.
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Tourist trade is important in economy in ___________with rich green mountains and valleys.
- A.British Columbia
- B.Atlantic provinces
- C.the Canadian-Shield
- D.St. Lawrence-Great Lakes provinces
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In the early part of the 19th century, ___________was the center of American writing.
- A.Boston
- B.Philadelphia
- C.Chicago
- D.New York City
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Mark Twain’s masterwork was ___________ .
- A.The Scarlet Letter
- B.Leaves of Grass
- C.The Sketch Book
- D.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
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___________is the largest single source of goods imported by the U.S., accounting for nearly 30%of the total.
- A.Canada
- B.Mexico
- C.Japan
- D.European Union
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The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of ___________.
- A.material failure
- B.spiritual frustration
- C.political setbacks
- D.welfare reform
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Of the four kinds of high schools, ___________ones only aim to prepare students for college.
- A.comprehensive
- B.academic
- C.vocational
- D.technical
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There have been__________ periods in the development of American political parties in the United States.
- A.two
- B.three
- C.four
- D.five
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Woman obtained voting right from the___________ Amendment to the Constitution.
- A.17th
- B.18th
- C.19th
- D.20th
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___________was meant to guarantee the blacks and others the right to vote.
- A.Emancipation Proclamation in 1863
- B.The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865
- C.The Civil Rights Act of 1964
- D.The Voting Rights Act of 1965
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A decision to set up a world organization, the United Nations, was made at___________.
- A.Yalta Conference
- B.Potsdam Conference
- C.Teheran Conference
- D.Paris Conference
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The safeguards against abuse of powers in the United States come in the form of___________.
- A.separation of powers
- B.executive orders
- C.presidential elections
- D.judicial reviews
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On June 5, 1947, ___________suggested that the US should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.
- A.George Kennan
- B.George Marshall
- C.Dwight Eisenhower
- D.James F. Byrnes
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McCarthyism was a full-scale ___________hysteria in the United States in the 1950s.
- A.pro-Nazi
- B.anti-Fascist
- C.pro-Communist
- D.anti-Communist
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In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose ___________ as their next president who promised to get the U.S. out of the depression.
- A.Theodore Roosevelt
- B.Franklin D. Roosevelt
- C.Woodrow Wilson
- D.Herbert C. Hoover
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Education was made a function of the state under the ___________Amendment to the US Constitution.
- A.Tenth
- B.Eleventh
- C.Twelfth
- D.Thirteenth
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During the Second World War, American wartime objectives were the total destruction of___________ powers and the establishment of a world order.
- A.Axis
- B.Asian
- C.Allied
- D.European
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In 1787, delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. The meeting came to be called the___________ .
- A.First Continental Congress
- B.Second Continental Congress
- C.Constitutional Convention
- D.Independent Convention
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Which of the following is NOT among President Theodore Roosevelt’s contributions?
- A.The implementation of the Sherman Anti-trust Act.
- B.The initiation of large-scale irrigation projects.
- C.The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906.
- D.The passage of the Federal Reserve Act.
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___________was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S. in 1929.
- A.Business bankruptcy
- B.Serious unemployment
- C.The stock market crash
- D.Foreclosures
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In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus, a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.
- A.French
- B.Spanish
- C.Italian
- D.English
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American troops defeated the British at___________ in Northern New York. This was a great turning point of the American War of Independence, leading directly to an alliance between the U.S. and France.
- A.Saratoga
- B.Trenton
- C.Lexington
- D.Yorktown
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Which statement about the religion in Britain is true?
- A.Every person in Britain may change his religion, but with difficulty.
- B.Every person may not manifest his faith in teaching, worship and observance.
- C.Every person has the right to religious freedom without interference from the community or the State.
- D.Churches and religious societies of any kind cannot own property and propagate their beliefs in speeches and writing.
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The Chartist movement was the first nationwide ___________ movement.
- A.working class
- B.lower middle class
- C.upper middle class
- D.upper class
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______________led the U.K. to final victory in the Second World War.
- A.Winston Churchill
- B.Neville Chamberlain
- C.Tony Blair
- D.William Gladstone
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Which statement about the“Wars of Roses”is NOT true?
- A.The king’s power now became supreme.
- B.Ordinary people were seriously affected.
- C.The wars were waged intermittently for 30 years.
- D.From these wars feudalism received its death blow.
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The finest exponents of Elizabethan drama in the English Renaissance were ___________ .
- A.Ben Johnson, Christopher Marlowe and Charles Dickens
- B.Edmund Spenser, Charles Dickens and William Shakespeare
- C.William Shakespeare, Ben Johnson and Charles Dickens
- D.William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Johnson
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After the Restoration, Parliament passed a series of severe laws called ____________against the Puritans, now known as Nonconformists.
- A.Agreement of the People
- B.the Petition of the Right
- C.the Clarendon Code
- D.the Act of Supremacy
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The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are ___________ .
- A.the Democratic Party and the Republican Party
- B.the Conservative Party and the Labor Party
- C.the Labor Party and the Social Democratic Party
- D.the Labor Party and the Democratic Party
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___________’s reign was a time of confident English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts in exploration and in battle.
- A.Mary
- B.Henry Ⅷ
- C.ElizabethⅠ
- D.Charles Ⅱ
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Political change in England came mainly through___________.
- A.gradual reform
- B.revolution
- C.people’s uprisings
- D.working class movement
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The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. At present there are ___________ countries within the Commonwealth (1991).
- A.30
- B.40
- C.50
- D.60
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Among the three tribes of the Celts coming to Britain, the most industrious and vigorous of the Celtic tribes was the ___________.
- A.Gaels
- B.Brythons
- C.Belgae
- D.Vikings
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The major Christian festivals in Britain are___________ .
- A.Christmas, Easter and Mother’s Day
- B.Christmas, Easter and Whit Sunday
- C.Christmas, Guy Fawkes Day and St. Patrick’s Day
- D.Christmas, Whit Sunday and St. George’s Day
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In January, 1973, Britain finally became a full member of the___________, which was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957.
- A.Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development
- B.Organization of European Development
- C.European Economic Community
- D.European Union
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The___________refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
- A.Urbanization
- B.Economic Boom
- C.Glorious Revolution
- D.Industrial Revolution
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The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen. In practice, ___________.
- A.Parliament rules the country
- B.the Sovereign reigns but does not rule
- C.the Sovereign rules but does not reign
- D.the Prime Minister rules and reigns
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The English Civil War is also called ___________.
- A.the Revolutionary War
- B.the Puritan Revolution
- C.the Reformation
- D.the Renaissance
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___________ was not in the“Allies” in the First World War.
- A.Britain
- B.France
- C.Russia
- D.Turkey
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Which of the following statements about Elizabeth I ( 1558-1603) is true?
- A.Elizabeth was 35 when she came to the throne.
- B.Elizabeth remained single.
- C.Elizabeth was not able to work with Parliament.
- D.Her reign was a time of diminishing English nationalism.
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___________of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history, in which William, the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his followers.
- A.The Roman Conquest
- B.The Anglo-Saxon Conquest
- C.The Norman Conquest
- D.The Celt Conquest
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As a result of the Black Death, ___________.
- A.all land was left untended
- B.no labor was required any longer
- C.land owners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming
- D.surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages
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