The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged_________. 查看材料

设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材．设计一节英语阅读课的教学方案。

教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：

~ teaching objectives

~ teaching contents

~ key and difficult points

~ major steps and time allocation

~ activities and justifications

教学时间：45分钟

学生概况：某城镇普通中学高中一年级第二学期学生，班级人数40人，多数学生已经达到

《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》五级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。

语言素材：

A Night the Earth Didn‘t Sleep

Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water

in the village wells rose and fell， rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks

in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards， the chickens and even the pigs

were too nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of

their bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 am on July 28，1976， some people saw bright lights in the

sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in

the sky. In the city， the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But one million people of

the city， who thought little of these events， were asleep as usual that night.

At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven

kilometres directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt

in Beijing， which is more than two hundred kilometres away. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge

crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses， roads and canals.

Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible

seconds a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people was extreme. Two-thirds of them died

or were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than

400，000.

But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly everything

was destroyed. All of the city‘s hospitals，75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes

were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind， however， could blow them

away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling. The railway

tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.

Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water.

People were shocked. Then， later that afternoon， another big quake which was almost as strong as

the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.

More buildings fell down. Water， food and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder

how long the disaster would last.

All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes， the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to

help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams

to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city， most of the

10，000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose

homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train， truck and plane. Slowly， the

city began to breathe again.

下列教学片段选自某一高中课堂实录。

案例背景：这是一篇关于生命起源的说明文的阅读教学。课文讲述了“大爆炸”之后，

地球上大气和水的形成，以及生命从低级到高级的演变过程。课文中有两张插图，其中一

张是太阳系（the Solar System）的图片。为了让学生了解更多有关太阳系的知识，教师设计

了“What do you know about the Solar System?”的导入环节。

T: Today we‘ll learn how life began on the earth. You know the earth is a member of the Solar System. What do you know about the Solar System? Let me show you some pictures.

Tell me what are they?（点击课件，呈现太阳系的图片）

T：（指着太阳）What’s this?

Ss：Sun．

T：（指着水星）What’s this?

Ss：I don’t know．

T：It’S Mercury．Read after me“Mercury”．（板书Mercury）

T：（指着金星）Then，what’s this?

Ss：（零零星星地）It’s Venus．

T：（逐个地指着图片上的行星问学生）What’s this?

（学生除了对地球响亮地齐答“earth”外，对其他的行星都保持沉默）

任务要求：

（1）分析该教师的教学目标。（8分）

（2）分析上述教学实录中的不足之处。（10分）

（3）如何弥补上述实录中的不足?请帮助该老师重新设计此堂课的导入环节。（12分）

请简述语法教学中常用的两种教学方法的教学过程和其优缺点。

What can we learn from the third paragraph? 查看材料

Why does Best Buy sell music lessons with its instruments? 查看材料

What is the main purpose for retailers to set up "pop-up" stores? 查看材料

请阅读Passage l。完成第小题。

Shoppers on Black Friday， the traditional start of the holiday shopping season in America， are notoriously aggressive. Some even start queuing outside stores before dawn to be the first to lay their hands on heavily discounted merchandise. Despite the frenzy at many stores， however， the recession appears to have accelerated the pace at which shoppers are abandoning bricks and mortar（传统实体商场） in favor of online retailers——e-tailers. So this year Black Friday （so named because it is supposed to put shops into profit for the year） also marks the start of many conventional retailers" attempts to regain the initiative.

E-commerce holds particular appeal in straitened times as it enables people to compare pries across retailers quickly and easily. Buyers can sometimes avoid local sales taxes online， and shipping is often free. No wonder， then， that online shopping continues to grow even as the offline sort shrinks.

The shift in spending to the Internet is good news for companies like P&G that lack retail outlets of their own. But it is a big concern for bricks-and-mortar retailers， whose prices are often higher than those of e-tailers， since they must bear the extra expense of running stores. Happily， however， conventional retailers are in a better position to fight back than last year， when overstocking forced them to resort to ruinous discounting.

The most obvious response to the growth of e-tailing is for conventional retailers to redouble their own efforts online. The online arms of big retailers are performing well， on the whole. Retailers are also trying to make shopping seem fun and exciting to counteract the economic gloom. One common tactic is to set up "pop-up" stores， which appear for a short time before vanishing again， to foster a sense of novelty and urgency. Following the lead of many bricks-and-mortar outfits， eBay recently launched a pop-up in New York where customers could inspect items before ordering them.

Stores are also trying to lure customers by offering services that are not available online. Best Buy， a consumer-electronics retailer， has started selling music lessons along with its musical instruments. Lululemon Athletica， which sells sports clothes， offers free yoga classes. The idea is to bring people back to its shops regularly， increasing the likelihood that they will develop the habit of shopping there.

Why is the recession of conventional business accelerating? 查看材料

What is the advantage of online retailers? 查看材料

A: Shall we get something for the kids?

B : Yes. But I vote C-A-N-D-Y.

B‘s answer violates maxim of_________.

The electric fan does not work because of the _________of service.