Passage 5

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Civil rights legislation consists of acts that are enacted (实施) to prevent discrimination based on race, sex, religion, age, previous condition of enslavement, physical limitation, national origin, and other distinctions. As a result of the mass struggle for equal rights, two landmark pieces of legislation have become the cornerstone of civil rights legislation in the United States the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Civil rights legislation has a long history in the United States. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 passed despite a failed rejection attempt by Andrew Johnson. The legislation was passed during Reconstruction and aimed to destroy Black Codes, which the southern states had enacted to suppress the rights of newly freed slaves.

(65)

(67)

(66)

(63)Congress is the legislative branch of the Union. and. it consists of two houses: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Each House serves as a check on the other. (64)The main. function of the Congress is to pass Jaws for the Union.The revenue bills- proposed laws to raise money for the government -must begin in the House. Only after the House has

approved them can the Senate act on them. (65)The House alone. also has the. power Io choose a President under certain circumstances. 

Congress is not only the U.S. national legislature but also a political body. (66)Most representatives and senators try to carry. out the programs of the. political parties to which they belong. Today, the Democrats and the Republicans are America's two largest political parties. (67)Whichever. party wins the largest number of seats in the House is the majority party and the other party is the minority party of the House. The same is true in the Senate.

(From Three Branches of the Federal Government)

（63）

(64)

What was it that influenced American academic freedom and how did American understand it?

What was the academic situation in Germany when the German Empire was established?

(60)

(58)

(59)