英汉互译自考2012年4月真题答案
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B、 Translate the following passage into English. Write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (15 points)
原文：诸位毕业生和同学们：你们现在要离开母校了，我没有什么礼物送给你们，只好送你们一句话吧。这句话是：“不要抛弃学问。”你们以前所修的课程中大部分是为了这张文凭，那是别无选择，非修不可的。从今以后，你们可以按照自己的心愿去学习了。希望趁你们还年轻、精力充沛，努力学一门专业知识。……易卜生( Henrik Ibsen)说过：“你们的最大责任是把自己这块材料铸成器。”学问便是铸器的工具，抛弃了学问便是毁了你们自己。你们的母校期待着，看你们十年以后成什么器。
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原文：于生效之日起，此协议有效期为三年。
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原文：Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States. China will continue to depend upon lucrative export markets to earn the foreign exchange it needs to develop and grow. At the same time, China’s imports will supply the much needed advanced technology to fuel its continued development.For the United States, new commercial opportunities will grow most rapidly in the emerging markets. We estimate that three quarters of new export opportunities over the next twenty years-that’s an incredible $1.9 trillion in potential exports-will come in the emerging markets of Asia and Latin America. This means jobs for American workers and a higher standard of living for the American people.
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原文：要是当时他请她跳了舞，现在又知道她的芳名，那该有多好啊!
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原文：他送来的稿子，我不能仔细全部欣赏完，但我却充分感觉到了他的文章的魅力。
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原文：虎越来越少，猫却越来越多;虎濒于灭绝，猫却成了宠物。
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原文: He’s already past recovery.
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原文：What’s more, according to intelligence in the West, this troop could be doubled in its strength within 30 days.
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B、 Correct or improve the translation of the following sentences. Write the revised versions on your Answer Sheet.
Example:
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essay gives me a great honor.
改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.
原文：夺取这个胜利，已经不需要很久的时间，不要花费很大的气力了;巩固这个胜利，则是需要很久的时间和花费很大的气力的。
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原文：I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was getting olD、
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Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
原文：All the boys are being quiet today. I wonder what they’re up to.
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原文：The street peddler hawked, ‘‘Now or never!’’
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B、 Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet.
(26)诺贝尔奖获得者
(27)福利基金
(28)国际经济合作
(29)珠江三角洲
(30)北洋军阀政府
(31)民族团结
(32)金融服务业
(33)大陆架
(34)世界文化遗产
(35)联合国教科文组织
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(16) gamma rays
(17) the New Testament
(18) ecologist
(19) entrepreneurial spirit
(20) court of appeals
(21) Royal Society
(22) a letter of patent
(23) consecutive interpretation
(24) instrument of ratification
(25) the six-party talks
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______ is a strategy in which a transparent, fluent style is adopted in order to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for target language readers. This method is “an ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to target-language cultural values, bringing the author back home.”
- A.Literal translation
- B.Rigid translation
- C.Foreignization
- D.Domestication
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原文: It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education.译文：告诫成年子女不要犯错误，那是没有用的，一来他们不听你的，二来犯错误本身也是受教育的一个重要部分。翻译本句时，译者运用的主要翻译方法是______。
- A.省略法
- B.增词法
- C.词类转换法
- D.反说正译
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______在1 954年全国文学翻译工作会议上指出：“我们对翻译工作决不能采取轻率的态度。翻译工作者必须具有高度的责任感。”
- A.傅雷
- B.茅盾
- C.郭沫若
- D.王佐良
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与鸠摩罗什的译文相比，玄奘的译文更______。
- A.倾向于直译
- B.倾向于意译
- C.倾向于音译
- D.倾向于音意结合
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According to Eugene A、 Nida, the extent to which the forms must be changed in order to preserve the meaning will depend upon the ______ distance between languages.
- A.linguistic
- B. cultural
- C. structural
- D.linguistic and cultural
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你把需要的那本书放在什么地方啦?
- A.Where have you put the book which needed?
- B.Where have you put the book that needed?
- C.Where have you put the book needed?
- D.Where have you put the book to need?
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做完那件事后，他就直接去了医院。
- A.That done he went straight to the hospital.
- B.That done, he went straight to the hospital.
- C.He went straight to the hospital, that done.
- D.He went straight to the hospital that done.
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我们无论怎样赞美他的工作，都不过分。
- A.We should not praise him very much for his work.
- B.We must not praise him very much for his work.
- C.We may not praise him too much for his work.
- D.We cannot praise him too much for his work.
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他把儿子锁在屋里，以免他再次逃学。
- A.He locked his son in, in case he play truant again.
- B.He locked his son in, in case he played truant again.
- C.He locked his son in, in case he might play truant again.
- D.He locked his son in, in case he would play truant again.
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What aids there were to lighten labor were immemorial, like the mill, which was already ancient in Chaucer’s time.
- A.像磨房一样的一些旨在减轻劳动强度的古代机械，在乔叟时代就已经是古董了。
- B.一些旨在减轻劳动强度的机器不知从何时代起就有了，比如磨房，在乔叟时代就已经是古董了。
- C.一些旨在减轻劳动强度的古代机械，比如磨房，在乔叟时代就已经是古董了。
- D.像磨房一样的一些在乔叟时代就已经用了很久的机器，旨在减轻劳动强度，不知从何时代起就有了。
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这种果汁有苹果的味道。
- A.The juice tastes of apple.
- B.The juice tastes from apple.
- C.The juice tastes as an apple.
- D.The juice tastes like an apple.
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At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.
- A.现在，人们往往采取安全回答问题的态度，这样比较不偏不倚。
- B.现在，人们有一种倾向，即选择不偏不倚地回答问题的安全方法。
- C.现在，人们往往采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题，这样比较安全。
- D.现在，人们有一种安全的选择倾向，即不偏不倚地回答问题。
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True friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.
- A.真正的友谊就像健康一样，它的价值很少有人知道，直到失去以后。
- B.真正的友谊就像健康一样，它的价值直到失去后才被少数人知道。
- C.真正的友谊就像健康一样，价值要到失去后才能体验到。
- D.真正的友谊就像健康一样，失去了才觉得宝贵。
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From both sides of the valley little streams slipped out of the hill canyons and fell into the Salinas River.
- A.洼地两面的峡谷流出的涧水注入萨利纳斯河。
- B.从峡谷洼地的两面流出的涧水汇入萨利纳斯河。
- C.从峡谷洼地的两面流出了涧水，注入萨利纳斯河。
- D.洼地两面的峡谷都有涧水流出，汇入萨利纳斯河。
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It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated
- A.知道你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏，你就会力量倍增。
- B.知道你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏，你就会坚定信念。
- C.这会使你坚定地认识到，因为你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。
- D.这会使你进一步坚定信念，因为你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。